Hydrology
A.A. 2022/2023
Obiettivi formativi
The course aims at providing knowledge about agro-hydrological measures, models and processes in anthropic and natural catchments with a focus in contexts where the impact of humans on water resources is emphasized by climate change and urban expansion.
In particular, the course aims to:
investigate physical principles and processes that govern hydrology at small and medium catchment scale and in peri-urban and rural environments including: precipitation, interception, energy balance, evaporation, evapotranspiration, infiltration, soil-water and groundwater movement, surface water storage and runoff generation and propagation;
address the monitoring of agro-hydrological variables, and explore existing databases;
deal with water-quality and water resources management issues with the support of case studies;
acquire competencies in the use of Geographic Information Systems (e.g. QGis), excel and common program languages (e.g. Matlab) for hydrological analysis.
In particular, the course aims to:
investigate physical principles and processes that govern hydrology at small and medium catchment scale and in peri-urban and rural environments including: precipitation, interception, energy balance, evaporation, evapotranspiration, infiltration, soil-water and groundwater movement, surface water storage and runoff generation and propagation;
address the monitoring of agro-hydrological variables, and explore existing databases;
deal with water-quality and water resources management issues with the support of case studies;
acquire competencies in the use of Geographic Information Systems (e.g. QGis), excel and common program languages (e.g. Matlab) for hydrological analysis.
Risultati apprendimento attesi
Upon completing this course, students will emerge with a deeper understanding of the main hydrological processes and how they interact in the water cycle, plant growing and watershed restoration.
In particular, the students should be able to:
comprehend the hydrologic cycle components, the related major water quantity and quality challenges and their relevance for the resilience of agro-ecosystems and crop productions;
comprehend the physics of water flow transport processes in the SVAT (Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere) environment. Students will be able to represent those processes with mass and energy conservation equations, and apply those equations in assessing water quantity in agricultural systems;
comprehend lumped and distributed dynamic water balance agro-hydrological models for simulating crop water needs and planning water allocation for irrigation purposes;
develop proficiency in obtaining, modifying, and interpreting spatial and temporal data related to the analysis of agro-hydrologic systems and demonstrate geospatial analysis skills;
comprehend factors affecting the rainfall-runoff processes from total rainfall to direct runoff and the formation of flood hydrographs. Students will be able (i) to analyze intensity-duration-frequency curves, (ii) to elaborate synthetic hyetographs, (iii) to assess time of concentration and (iv) to compute direct runoff floods, volumes and hydrological losses given storm data, as well as manipulate hydrograph information;
comprehend factors controlling formation and propagation of runoff on anthropic catchments under hydrological-invariance restrictions;
comprehend the hydrological response of natural watershed before and after disturbances such as, heavy storms, soil and plant degradation, land use change.
demonstrate management, communication and teamwork skills needed to work constructively and professionally on multi-disciplinary teams.
In particular, the students should be able to:
comprehend the hydrologic cycle components, the related major water quantity and quality challenges and their relevance for the resilience of agro-ecosystems and crop productions;
comprehend the physics of water flow transport processes in the SVAT (Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere) environment. Students will be able to represent those processes with mass and energy conservation equations, and apply those equations in assessing water quantity in agricultural systems;
comprehend lumped and distributed dynamic water balance agro-hydrological models for simulating crop water needs and planning water allocation for irrigation purposes;
develop proficiency in obtaining, modifying, and interpreting spatial and temporal data related to the analysis of agro-hydrologic systems and demonstrate geospatial analysis skills;
comprehend factors affecting the rainfall-runoff processes from total rainfall to direct runoff and the formation of flood hydrographs. Students will be able (i) to analyze intensity-duration-frequency curves, (ii) to elaborate synthetic hyetographs, (iii) to assess time of concentration and (iv) to compute direct runoff floods, volumes and hydrological losses given storm data, as well as manipulate hydrograph information;
comprehend factors controlling formation and propagation of runoff on anthropic catchments under hydrological-invariance restrictions;
comprehend the hydrological response of natural watershed before and after disturbances such as, heavy storms, soil and plant degradation, land use change.
demonstrate management, communication and teamwork skills needed to work constructively and professionally on multi-disciplinary teams.
Periodo: Primo semestre
Modalità di valutazione: Esame
Giudizio di valutazione: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Corso singolo
Questo insegnamento non può essere seguito come corso singolo. Puoi trovare gli insegnamenti disponibili consultando il catalogo corsi singoli.
Programma e organizzazione didattica
Edizione unica
Responsabile
Periodo
Primo semestre
Lessons will be performed in presence (in accordance with the current university advisement).
Ms Teams will be used for following lessons in streaming (where necessary) but lessons will not be recorded.
Ms Teams will be used for following lessons in streaming (where necessary) but lessons will not be recorded.
Programma
The hydrology course deals with:
the study of the hydrological cycle and the basis of hydrological processes such as precipitation, rainfall interception, evapotranspiration, infiltration and percolation;
methods of physical and mechanical analysis of soils as well as the study of their hydrological properties;
analysis of water filter mechanisms in saturated and unsaturated soils;
measurement of hydrological variables;
calculation of the water and irrigation needs of crops and the planning of irrigation frequency and rate;
estimation of the hydrological balance at a field scale;
the study of some statistical and probability concepts related to the analysis of extreme hydrological events and hydrological measures;
the study of intensity frequency duration curves;
the assessment of project precipitation;
the calculation of hydrological losses using Horton models and those based on the Curve Number definitions;
evaluation of the critical rainfall duration;
the analysis of runoff processes;
the evaluation peak of discharge and design through rational method, the lag-time and statistical analysis of observed flows.
The hydrology course provides also 16 hours of computer classroom training, as follows:
8 hours dedicated to the calculation of the water needs of crops according with FAO-56 method, assessing irrigation supplies of fields in a district with different crops and soils.
8 hours dedicated to assessing design flood of a natural basin under different rainfall return time land use changes.
the study of the hydrological cycle and the basis of hydrological processes such as precipitation, rainfall interception, evapotranspiration, infiltration and percolation;
methods of physical and mechanical analysis of soils as well as the study of their hydrological properties;
analysis of water filter mechanisms in saturated and unsaturated soils;
measurement of hydrological variables;
calculation of the water and irrigation needs of crops and the planning of irrigation frequency and rate;
estimation of the hydrological balance at a field scale;
the study of some statistical and probability concepts related to the analysis of extreme hydrological events and hydrological measures;
the study of intensity frequency duration curves;
the assessment of project precipitation;
the calculation of hydrological losses using Horton models and those based on the Curve Number definitions;
evaluation of the critical rainfall duration;
the analysis of runoff processes;
the evaluation peak of discharge and design through rational method, the lag-time and statistical analysis of observed flows.
The hydrology course provides also 16 hours of computer classroom training, as follows:
8 hours dedicated to the calculation of the water needs of crops according with FAO-56 method, assessing irrigation supplies of fields in a district with different crops and soils.
8 hours dedicated to assessing design flood of a natural basin under different rainfall return time land use changes.
Prerequisiti
The students must have deep knowledge of math and physic, and a very good level of skills in the use of PC Office applications.
Metodi didattici
Theory lessons and practice exercises in the computer classroom, both in presence. During the practice exercises in the computer classroom Excel, Matlab and QGis software will be used.
Materiale di riferimento
· Teacher slides
· MIPAAF - Paolo Sequi/Marcello Pagliai. Metodi di analisi fisica dei suoli. FrancoAngeli
· Ferro V. (2006). Elementi di idraulica e idrologia per le scienze agrarie ed ambientali. Mc Graw Hill
· Moisello U. (1998). Idrologia tecnica. La Goliardica Pavese.
· Maione U. - Moisello U. (1993). Elementi di statistica per l'idrologia. La Goliardica Pavese.
· MIPAAF - Paolo Sequi/Marcello Pagliai. Metodi di analisi fisica dei suoli. FrancoAngeli
· Ferro V. (2006). Elementi di idraulica e idrologia per le scienze agrarie ed ambientali. Mc Graw Hill
· Moisello U. (1998). Idrologia tecnica. La Goliardica Pavese.
· Maione U. - Moisello U. (1993). Elementi di statistica per l'idrologia. La Goliardica Pavese.
Modalità di verifica dell’apprendimento e criteri di valutazione
The exam will consist of a writing multiple-choice test on Moodle platform the day before the oral interview. The oral interview will be held in presence and will mainly focus on the discussion of the technical reports prepared by the students and concerning the topics addressed during the practice exercises in the computer classroom.
AGR/08 - IDRAULICA AGRARIA E SISTEMAZIONI IDRAULICO-FORESTALI - CFU: 6
Esercitazioni: 16 ore
Lezioni: 40 ore
Lezioni: 40 ore
Docente:
Masseroni Daniele
Docente/i