Systems and Diseases Ii

A.Y. 2024/2025
21
Max ECTS
268
Overall hours
SSD
MED/03 MED/08 MED/09 MED/12 MED/13 MED/15 MED/16 MED/18
Language
Italian
Learning objectives
The course represents the synthesis of the notions acquired during the first 3 years and the basis for the subsequent detailed clinical studies the will be carried out during Medical and Specialized Clinics.
The objects are the following:
-to provide the student with the knowledge on the main diseases of Gastrointestinal, Endocrinological, Emathological and Immunoreumathological systems (in particular, etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations)
-to give the main information on the genetics and pathological basis of the above-mentioned diseases
-to provide students with the preparatory tools (language, case history, medical examination) for a correct approach to the patient
-to provide with the main clinical, biochemical, instrumental investigations available to perform a correct diagnosis
Expected learning outcomes
1)To know the pathophysiology of:
DIGESTIVE TRACT
Dysphagia, Dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux, chronic gastritis, ulcer
Abdominal distension, Gas, digestion problems, Malabsorption
Intestinale obstruction
Abdominal pain
Jaundice
Hepatic insufficiency, viral and toxic hepatitis, liver diseases such as hemochromatosis and Wilson disease, sclerosant cholangitis
Hepatic encephalopathy
Portal hypertension
Biliary lithiasis
Ascites
Constipation
Diarrhea
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn disease and ulcerative rectocolitis).

ENDOCRINE - METABOLIC SYSTEM:
Feed-back mechanism and interaction with the other systems
Circadian rithms of hormone secretion. Hormones mechanisms of action
Pathogenetic mechanisms of endocrine disorders and of metabolic diseases: eccess and deficiency
Hormone resistance, bioactivity, alterations of hormone peripheral metabolism
Diseases of thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, gonads, hypothalamus and pituirary
Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance
Diabetes type 1&2, gestational diabetes, obesity, hyperuricemia
Monogenic diabetes and obesity
Diabetes complications
Bone metabolism and osteoporosis
Hormones and nutrition

BLOOD:
Differentiation and maturation of blood cells
Role of growth factors
Pathophysiology of the main diseases of blood and lymphohemopoietic organs
Lymphoproliferative and Mieloproliferative diseases
Polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia
Essential thrombocythemia

IMMUNE SYSTEM:
1) Approach to immunodeficiencies
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to allergic diseases, asthma, rhinitis
Inflammatory arthritis
Infectious and post-infectious arthritis
Microcrystalline arthritis
Diseases of the connective tissue
Systemic vasculitis
Bone diseases
Painful syndromes
2) To know how to define a disease, its epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiology, nosography, signs and symptoms; to interpret the pathophysiological causes of signs and symptoms, the biochemical data, the instrumental investigations. The genetics and pathological basis is also requested for certain diseases.

3) To know the indications and limitations of the main diagnostic approaches
Single course

This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.

Course syllabus and organization

Linea Policlinico

Prerequisites for admission
The preparatory courses for SPA2 course include: Human physiology (obligatory), General pathology and physiopathology 3rd year (obligatory).
For the Medical Genetics module, the basic knowledge presented in the Biochemistry and Genetics, and SPA1 courses are considered acquired.
Assessment methods and Criteria
At the end of the course an oral exam will be held; the test include an oral test by at least two teachers responsible for different modules (about 15-20 minutes for each teacher).
During the test, the following are assessed: knowledge of the topics covered, critical reasoning ability on the study carried out; the qualities of the exposition and the correct use of a specialized vocabulary. After collegiate evaluation of the teachers involved in the exam, the vote is recorded out of thirty.
Medical genetics
Course syllabus
Medical genetics
Genetic predisposition to cancer I: Most common hereditary forms of cancer, Sporadic vs hereditary forms of cancer, Oncosuppressants and oncogenes, Breast (and ovarian) cancer: BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, TP53 gene and Li Fraumeni syndrome, Pediatric cancers (Gene Dicer) . Presentation of clinical cases
Genetic Predisposition for Cancer II: Colorectal Carcinomas, Lynch Syndrome and Related Genes, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and APC Gene, Other Hereditary Colorectal Cancers (MUTYH)
Genetic Predisposition for Cancer III: Multiple Neuroendocrine Syndromes, Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and MEN2, The MEN2 Syndrome and the RET Gene, The MEN1 Syndrome and Gene, The MEN4 Syndrome.
Oncohaematological diseases: Genetic and chromosomal pathogenic alterations and molecular investigation methods.
Oncohaematological diseases: Genetic and chromosomal pathogenic alterations and molecular investigation methods.
Predisposition and genetic basis in diabetes: monogenic and complex diseases, association studies, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, hereditary diabetes and MODY genes. Fetal origin of metabolic diseases
Epigenetic Defect Diseases: Genomic imprinting diseases with single-locus and multi-locus epigenetic defects. Presentation of clinical cases.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
"Genetics in Medicine", Thompson & Thompson; publications (articles, reviews) for further information are suggested during the lessons and on the Ariel website. The presentations that are used during the lessons are provided to the students.
Pathology
Course syllabus
Endocrine system
Pituitary pathology (anterior, posterior, and suprasellar tumors)
Thyroid disease (goiter, thyroiditis, thyroid tumors)
Pathology of the parathyroids (hyperplasia, adenoma, carcinoma)
Pathology of the endocrine pancreas (diabetes, pancreatic endocrine neoplasms)
Pathology of the adrenal gland (tumors of the cortex and medulla)
Digestive system
Pathology of the esophagus and of the esophagus-gastric junction (esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, neoplasms)
Acute and chronic gastritis, peptic disease
Gastric tumors benign and malignant
Non-neoplastic disease of the small and large intestine (celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis)
Neoplastic disease of the small and large intestine
Pathology of the appendix
Acute and chronic pancreatitis
Neoplastic pathology of the exocrine pancreas
Inflammatory liver disease (hepatitis, steatohepatitis)
Pathology of the biliary tract (primary and secondary biliary cirrhosis)
Liver cirrhosis, jaundice and cholestasis
Neoplastic pathology of the liver.
Hemolymphopoietic system
Lymphoid malignancies (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma)
Myeloid malignancies (myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, acute myeloid leukemias)
The pathology of the red blood cell and hemorrhagic diseases (anaemia, polyglobulia, hemorrhagic diathesis)
The bone marrow biopsy
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
Robbins and Cotran. PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE (9th Edition)
Internal Medicine
Course syllabus
Immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases - Anaphylactic reaction: pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis - Food allergy - Urticaria - Drug allergy - Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis - Allergic asthma
Atopic Dermatitis - Mastocytosis
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons with the help of slides that will be provided to the students as a trace for exames preparation - Clinical cases will be presented for the application of the information presented
Teaching Resources
Harrison's internal medicine - Slides - articles for the students.
Gastroenterology
Course syllabus
Main manifestations of digestive diseases (Abdominal pain Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Digestive haemorrhages and occult digestive bleeding
Principles of pathophysiology of the esophagus, Gastroesophageal reflux disease and its consequences, Neoplasms of the esophagus
Principles of gastric physiopathology, gastritis, peptic disease, gastric neoplasms
Intestinal Absorption Pathophysiology, Malabsorption Syndromes, Celiac Disease, Small Intestine Neoplasms
Pathophysiology of the liver and biliary tract, Acute and chronic liver diseases of various aetiologies, Liver cirrhosis and complications
Neoplasms of the liver and biliary tract
Pathology of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, acute pancreatitis chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms. Neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Inflammatory bowel disease Colonic diverticulosis Colorectal neoplasms
Functional diseases (non-ulcer dyspepsia, irritable bowel)
Gastrointestinal infections
Teaching methods
For the development of the Gastroenterology course, frontal lessons will be performed, as well as interdisciplinary seminars on topics of particular importance, simulations and discussions of emblematic clinical cases; in any case, opportunities for discussion and interactivity will be privileged. During the professionalizing activities carried out in the specialist department, the practical aspect will be more privileged, with the execution by the student of guided anamnestic collections and characteristic objective surveys for the teaching field. Also on these occasions the essential aspects of the patients under examination will be discussed.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di Gastroenterologia UNIGASTRO - Edizione 2019-2022
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine - Twentieth Edition
Endocrinology
Course syllabus
Feed-back, Integration with other systems
Circadian rhythms of hormone secretion. Types and mechanisms of action of different hormones
Pathogenetic mechanisms of endocrinopathies and metabolic diseases: excess and deficit syndromes
Resistance, bioactivity, peripheral hormonal metabolism disorders
Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, gonadal, hypothalamic-pituitary disorders
Insulin resistance metabolic syndrome
Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes, Obesity
Genetic monogenic diabetes and obesity
Organ complications of diabetes
Bone metabolism and osteoporosis
Nutrition and hormones
For the various pathologies, the course will provide the following tools:
- define the disease, know the main epidemiological data, illustrate the causes and pathogenic mechanisms, illustrate the basis of the nosographic framework, illustrate the symptoms of onset and status, interpret the pathophysiological causes of the symptoms and signs, interpret the biochemical data, know the indications for the use of instrumental investigations useful for the diagnosis. For some diseases, an anatomical-pathological and/or genetic classification is also provided.
- indications and limits of the main diagnostic investigations
Teaching methods
- Lectures supported by visual media
- Group discussion of clinical cases
- Non-formal teaching - Clinical question oriented teaching (training medical students to work autonomously, think independently, formulate their own judgments and make appropriate decisions in the professional field.
Teaching Resources
FAGLIA G., "Malattie del Sistema Endocrino e del Metabolismo" McGraw-Hill
FAGLIA G. , "Core curriculum" McGraw-Hill
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine - Twentieth Edition
Scientific articles from indexed international journals, suggested by the professors
Blood diseases
Course syllabus
- Concepts of normal vs. hematopoiesis pathological; laboratory diagnostics
- Pathophysiology and main forms of anemia
- Congenital and acquired defects of hemostasis
- Platelet pathologies
- Acute onco-haematological diseases: clinical and laboratory diagnostics
- Acute and chronic leukaemias
- Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
- Monoclonal gammopathies
- Characterization of Multiple Myeloma
- Lymphoproliferative diseases
- Concepts of transfusion medicine
- Bone marrow transplant and cellular therapies
- Emergencies in Hematology
- Discussion of clinical cases
Teaching methods
- Lectures supported by visual media
- Group discussion of clinical cases
- Non-formal teaching - Clinical question oriented teaching (training medical students to work autonomously, think independently, formulate their own judgments and make appropriate decisions in the professional field.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di Ematologia II edizione, Autori: Corradini - Foa' - Boccadoro - Cappellini - Carlo-Stella - Cattaneo - Federici - Gambacorti-Passerini - Lambertenghi Deliliers - Mannucci - Pane - Peyvandi - Pogliani. AAVV , Editore: Minerva Medica, Edizione: II 2015, Volume: Unico
Prossima IIIa Edizione nel 2020, Volume. Unico
Scientific articles from indexed international journals, indicated by the professors
Rheumatology
Course syllabus
Immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases
Anaphylactic reaction: pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis- Food allergy
Urticaria - Drug Allergy
Allergic Rhino-Conjunctivitis - Allergic Asthma
Atopic Dermatitis - Mastocytosis
Introduction to the course of rheumatology and Classification of rheumatological diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloenthesoarthritis
Infectious agent arthritis
Microcrystalline arthropathies (gout, calcium pyrophosphate disease)
Arthrosis
Osteoporosis and other bone diseases (osteomalacia, Paget)
Extra-articular pain syndromes (localized and diffuse)
Autoimmunity and autoantibodies
S. of Sjogren
Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Systemic sclerosis
Inflammatory myopathies
Overlapping syndromes and undifferentiated connective tissue disease
Systemic vasculitis and polymyalgia rheumatica
Developmental rheumatological diseases (notes)
Autoinflammatory diseases (outline)
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Clinical cases
Interactive simulated clinical cases
Interpretation of laboratory tests
Interpretation of radiological images
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Clinical cases
Interactive simulated clinical cases
Interpretation of laboratory tests
Interpretation of radiological images
Teaching Resources
testo: Reumatologia per studenti e medici di medicina generale, III edizione - UNIREUMA. Ed Idelson Gnocchi
testo: EULAR Textbook on Rheumatic Diseases - Third Edition (2018) Textbook on rheumatic diseases - https://www.eular.org › edu_textbook
General surgery
Course syllabus
· Endocrine diseases of surgical interest
· benign and malignant gastric disorders
Teaching methods
Lectures, exercises, seminars, case reports, live surgery
Teaching Resources
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 18th Edition - Expert Consult Premium Edition: Enhanced Online Features and Print
By Courtney M. Townsend, Jr., MD, R. Daniel Beauchamp, MD, B. Mark Evers, MD and Kenneth L. Mattox, MD
Hardbound, 2384 pages
Published: NOV-2007
ISBN 10: 1-4160-3675-X
ISBN 13: 978-1-4160-3675-3
Imprint: SAUNDERS
Manuale di Chirurgia Generale di D.F. D' Amico
II Edizione Riveduta e Aggiornata
Opera in 2 volumi
Edizioni Piccin
Blood diseases
MED/15 - BLOOD DISEASES - University credits: 4
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Endocrinology
MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - University credits: 4
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Shifts:
Gruppo 1
Professor: Mantovani Giovanna
Gruppo 2
Professor: Mantovani Giovanna
Gruppo 3
Professor: Muller Ilaria
Turno
Professors: Mantovani Giovanna, Muller Ilaria
Gastroenterology
MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGY - University credits: 4
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Shifts:
Gruppo 1
Professor: Vecchi Maurizio
Gruppo 2
Professor: Lampertico Pietro
Gruppo 3
Professor: Caprioli Flavio Andrea
Gruppo 4
Professor: Tontini Gian Eugenio
General surgery
MED/18 - GENERAL SURGERY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 8 hours
: 4 hours
Shifts:
Internal Medicine
MED/09 - INTERNAL MEDICINE - University credits: 1
Lessons: 8 hours
: 4 hours
Professor: Bellocchi Chiara
Shifts:
Turno
Professor: Bellocchi Chiara
Medical genetics
MED/03 - MEDICAL GENETICS - University credits: 2
: 4 hours
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor: Ghezzi Daniele
Shifts:
Turno
Professor: Ghezzi Daniele
Pathology
MED/08 - PATHOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
: 4 hours
Professor: Bosari Silvano
Shifts:
Turno
Professor: Bosari Silvano
Rheumatology
MED/16 - RHEUMATOLOGY - University credits: 3
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 20 hours
: 4 hours

Linea San Donato

Prerequisites for admission
The preparatory courses for SPA2 course include: Human physiology (obligatory), General pathology and physiopathology 3rd year (obligatory).
For the Medical Genetics module, the basic knowledge presented in the Biochemistry and Genetics, and SPA1 courses are considered acquired.
Assessment methods and Criteria
At the end of the course an oral exam will be held; the test include an oral test by at least two teachers responsible for different modules (about 15-20 minutes for each teacher).
During the test, the following are assessed: knowledge of the topics covered, critical reasoning ability on the study carried out; the qualities of the exposition and the correct use of a specialized vocabulary. After collegiate evaluation of the teachers involved in the exam, the vote is recorded out of thirty.
Medical genetics
Course syllabus
Genetic predisposition to cancer I: Most common hereditary forms of cancer, Sporadic vs hereditary forms of cancer, Oncosuppressants and oncogenes, Breast (and ovarian) cancer: BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, TP53 gene and Li Fraumeni syndrome, Pediatric cancers (Gene Dicer) . Presentation of clinical cases
Genetic Predisposition for Cancer II: Colorectal Carcinomas, Lynch Syndrome and Related Genes, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and APC Gene, Other Hereditary Colorectal Cancers (MUTYH)
Genetic Predisposition for Cancer III: Multiple Neuroendocrine Syndromes, Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and MEN2, The MEN2 Syndrome and the RET Gene, The MEN1 Syndrome and Gene, The MEN4 Syndrome.
Oncohaematological diseases: Genetic and chromosomal pathogenic alterations and molecular investigation methods.
Oncohaematological diseases: Genetic and chromosomal pathogenic alterations and molecular investigation methods.
Predisposition and genetic basis in diabetes: monogenic and complex diseases, association studies, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, hereditary diabetes and MODY genes. Fetal origin of metabolic diseases
Epigenetic Defect Diseases: Genomic imprinting diseases with single-locus and multi-locus epigenetic defects. Presentation of clinical cases.
Teaching methods
Lezioni frontali
Teaching Resources
"Genetics in Medicine", Thompson &Thompson; during the lessons and on the Ariel website, publications (articles, reviews) are also indicated. Finally, the presentations used during the lessons are provided.
Pathology
Course syllabus
Endocrine system
Pituitary pathology (anterior, posterior, and suprasellar tumors)
Thyroid disease (goiter, thyroiditis, thyroid tumors)
Pathology of the parathyroids (hyperplasia, adenoma, carcinoma)
Pathology of the endocrine pancreas (diabetes, pancreatic endocrine neoplasms)
Pathology of the adrenal gland (tumors of the cortex and medulla)
Digestive system
Pathology of the esophagus and of the esophagus-gastric junction (esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, neoplasms)
Acute and chronic gastritis, peptic disease
Gastric tumors benign and malignant
Non-neoplastic disease of the small and large intestine (celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis)
Neoplastic disease of the small and large intestine
Pathology of the appendix
Acute and chronic pancreatitis
Neoplastic pathology of the exocrine pancreas
Inflammatory liver disease (hepatitis, steatohepatitis)
Pathology of the biliary tract (primary and secondary biliary cirrhosis)
Liver cirrhosis, jaundice and cholestasis
Neoplastic pathology of the liver.
Hemolymphopoietic system
Lymphoid malignancies (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma)
Myeloid malignancies (myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, acute myeloid leukemias)
The pathology of the red blood cell and hemorrhagic diseases (anaemia, polyglobulia, hemorrhagic diathesis)
The bone marrow biopsy
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
Robbins and Cotran. PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE (9th Edition)
Internal Medicine
Course syllabus
Immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases - Anaphylactic reaction: pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis - Food allergy - Urticaria - Drug allergy - Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis - Allergic asthma
Atopic Dermatitis - Mastocytosis
Teaching methods
Lectures with the aid of related slides that will be provided to students as an outline for exam preparation - Clinical cases will be presented for the application of the concepts exposed
Teaching Resources
HARRISON 'S INTERNAL MEDICINE -SLIDES - SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES PROVIDED DIRECTLY TO STUDENTS
Gastroenterology
Course syllabus
Main manifestations of digestive diseases (Abdominal pain Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Digestive haemorrhages and occult digestive bleeding
Principles of pathophysiology of the esophagus, Gastroesophageal reflux disease and its consequences, Neoplasms of the esophagus
Principles of gastric physiopathology, gastritis, peptic disease, gastric neoplasms
Intestinal Absorption Pathophysiology, Malabsorption Syndromes, Celiac Disease, Small Intestine Neoplasms
Pathophysiology of the liver and biliary tract, Acute and chronic liver diseases of various aetiologies, Liver cirrhosis and complications
Neoplasms of the liver and biliary tract
Pathology of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, acute pancreatitis chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms. Neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Inflammatory bowel disease Colonic diverticulosis Colorectal neoplasms
Functional diseases (non-ulcer dyspepsia, irritable bowel)
Gastrointestinal infections
Teaching methods
For the development of the Gastroenterology course, frontal lessons will be performed, as well as interdisciplinary seminars on topics of particular importance, simulations and discussions of emblematic clinical cases; in any case, opportunities for discussion and interactivity will be privileged. During the professionalizing activities carried out in the specialist department, the practical aspect will be more privileged, with the execution by the student of guided anamnestic collections and characteristic objective surveys for the teaching field. Also on these occasions the essential aspects of the patients under examination will be discussed.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di Gastroenterologia UNIGASTRO - Edizione 2019-2022
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine - Twentieth Edition
Endocrinology
Course syllabus
Feed-back, Integration with other systems
Circadian rhythms of hormone secretion. Types and mechanisms of action of different hormones
Pathogenetic mechanisms of endocrinopathies and metabolic diseases: excess and deficit syndromes
Resistance, bioactivity, peripheral hormonal metabolism disorders
Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, gonadal, hypothalamic-pituitary disorders
Insulin resistance metabolic syndrome
Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes, Obesity
Genetic monogenic diabetes and obesity
Organ complications of diabetes
Bone metabolism and osteoporosis
Nutrition and hormones
For the various pathologies, the course will provide the following tools:
- define the disease, know the main epidemiological data, illustrate the causes and pathogenic mechanisms, illustrate the basis of the nosographic framework, illustrate the symptoms of onset and status, interpret the pathophysiological causes of the symptoms and signs, interpret the biochemical data, know the indications for the use of instrumental investigations useful for the diagnosis. For some diseases, an anatomical-pathological and/or genetic classification is also provided.
- indications and limits of the main diagnostic investigations
Teaching methods
- Lectures supported by visual media
- Group discussion of clinical cases
- Non-formal teaching - Clinical question oriented teaching (training medical students to work autonomously, think independently, formulate their own judgments and make appropriate decisions in the professional field.
Teaching Resources
FAGLIA G., "Malattie del Sistema Endocrino e del Metabolismo" McGraw-Hill
FAGLIA G. , "Core curriculum" McGraw-Hill
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine - Twentieth Edition
Articoli scientifici da riviste internazionali indicizzate, indicate dai docenti
Blood diseases
Course syllabus
- Concepts of normal vs. hematopoiesis pathological; laboratory diagnostics
- Pathophysiology and main forms of anemia
- Congenital and acquired defects of hemostasis
- Platelet pathologies
- Acute onco-haematological diseases: clinical and laboratory diagnostics
- Acute and chronic leukaemias
- Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
- Monoclonal gammopathies
- Characterization of Multiple Myeloma
- Lymphoproliferative diseases
- Concepts of transfusion medicine
- Bone marrow transplant and cellular therapies
- Emergencies in Hematology
- Discussion of clinical cases
Teaching methods
- Lectures supported by visual media
- Group discussion of clinical cases
- Non-formal teaching - Clinical question oriented teaching (training medical students to work autonomously, think independently, formulate their own judgments and make appropriate decisions in the professional field.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di Ematologia II edizione, Autori: Corradini - Foa' - Boccadoro - Cappellini - Carlo-Stella - Cattaneo - Federici - Gambacorti-Passerini - Lambertenghi Deliliers - Mannucci - Pane - Peyvandi - Pogliani. AAVV , Editore: Minerva Medica, Edizione: II 2015, Volume: Unico
Prossima IIIa Edizione nel 2020, Volume. Unico
Scientific articles from indexed international journals, indicated by the professors
Rheumatology
Course syllabus
Immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases
Anaphylactic reaction: pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis- Food allergy
Urticaria - Drug Allergy
Allergic Rhino-Conjunctivitis - Allergic Asthma
Atopic Dermatitis - Mastocytosis
Introduction to the course of rheumatology and Classification of rheumatological diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloenthesoarthritis
Infectious agent arthritis
Microcrystalline arthropathies (gout, calcium pyrophosphate disease)
Arthrosis
Osteoporosis and other bone diseases (osteomalacia, Paget)
Extra-articular pain syndromes (localized and diffuse)
Autoimmunity and autoantibodies
S. of Sjogren
Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Systemic sclerosis
Inflammatory myopathies
Overlapping syndromes and undifferentiated connective tissue disease
Systemic vasculitis and polymyalgia rheumatica
Developmental rheumatological diseases (notes)
Autoinflammatory diseases (outline)
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Clinical cases
Interactive simulated clinical cases
Interpretation of laboratory tests
Interpretation of radiological images
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Clinical cases
Interactive simulated clinical cases
Interpretation of laboratory tests
Interpretation of radiological images
Teaching Resources
Reumatologia per studenti e medici di medicina generale, III edizione - UNIREUMA. Ed Idelson Gnocchi
EULAR Textbook on Rheumatic Diseases - Third Edition (2018) Textbook on rheumatic diseases - https://www.eular.org › edu_textbook
General surgery
Course syllabus
Endocrine pathology of surgical interest
Benign and malignant gastric pathology
Teaching methods
Lectures, tutorials, seminars, clinical cases, live surgery
Teaching Resources
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 18th Edition - Expert Consult Premium Edition: Enhanced Online Features and Print
By Courtney M. Townsend, Jr., MD, R. Daniel Beauchamp, MD, B. Mark Evers, MD and Kenneth L. Mattox, MD
Hardbound, 2384 pages
Published: NOV-2007
ISBN 10: 1-4160-3675-X
ISBN 13: 978-1-4160-3675-3
Imprint: SAUNDERS
Manuale di Chirurgia Generale di D.F. D' Amico
II Edizione Riveduta e Aggiornata
Opera in 2 volumi
Edizioni Piccin
Blood diseases
MED/15 - BLOOD DISEASES - University credits: 4
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Professors: Finazzi Maria Chiara, Lussana Federico, Rambaldi Alessandro
Shifts:
Turno
Professors: Finazzi Maria Chiara, Lussana Federico, Rambaldi Alessandro
Endocrinology
MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - University credits: 4
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Gastroenterology
MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGY - University credits: 4
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Professor: Vecchi Maurizio
Shifts:
Turno
Professor: Vecchi Maurizio
General surgery
MED/18 - GENERAL SURGERY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 8 hours
: 4 hours
Shifts:
Internal Medicine
MED/09 - INTERNAL MEDICINE - University credits: 1
Lessons: 8 hours
: 4 hours
Shifts:
Turno
Professors: Proietti Marco, Zanichelli Andrea
Medical genetics
MED/03 - MEDICAL GENETICS - University credits: 2
: 4 hours
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor: Alcalay Myriam
Shifts:
Turno
Professor: Alcalay Myriam
Pathology
MED/08 - PATHOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
: 4 hours
Professor: Pruneri Giancarlo
Shifts:
Turno
Professor: Pruneri Giancarlo
Rheumatology
MED/16 - RHEUMATOLOGY - University credits: 3
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 20 hours
: 4 hours
Shifts:

Linea San Giuseppe

Prerequisites for admission
The preparatory courses for SPA2 course include: Human physiology (obligatory), General pathology and physiopathology 3rd year (obligatory).
For the Medical Genetics module, the basic knowledge presented in the Biochemistry and Genetics, and SPA1 courses are considered acquired.
Assessment methods and Criteria
At the end of the course an oral exam will be held; the test include an oral test by at least two teachers responsible for different modules (about 15-20 minutes for each teacher).
During the test, the following are assessed: knowledge of the topics covered, critical reasoning ability on the study carried out; the qualities of the exposition and the correct use of a specialized vocabulary. After collegiate evaluation of the teachers involved in the exam, the vote is recorded out of thirty.
Medical genetics
Course syllabus
Genetic predisposition to cancer I: Most common hereditary forms of cancer, Sporadic vs hereditary forms of cancer, Oncosuppressants and oncogenes, Breast (and ovarian) cancer: BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, TP53 gene and Li Fraumeni syndrome, Pediatric cancers (Gene Dicer) . Presentation of clinical cases
Genetic Predisposition for Cancer II: Colorectal Carcinomas, Lynch Syndrome and Related Genes, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and APC Gene, Other Hereditary Colorectal Cancers (MUTYH)
Genetic Predisposition for Cancer III: Multiple Neuroendocrine Syndromes, Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and MEN2, The MEN2 Syndrome and the RET Gene, The MEN1 Syndrome and Gene, The MEN4 Syndrome.
Oncohaematological diseases: Genetic and chromosomal pathogenic alterations and molecular investigation methods.
Oncohaematological diseases: Genetic and chromosomal pathogenic alterations and molecular investigation methods.
Predisposition and genetic basis in diabetes: monogenic and complex diseases, association studies, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, hereditary diabetes and MODY genes. Fetal origin of metabolic diseases
Epigenetic Defect Diseases: Genomic imprinting diseases with single-locus and multi-locus epigenetic defects. Presentation of clinical cases.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
"Genetics in Medicine", Thompson &Thompson; during the lessons and on the Ariel website, publications (articles, reviews) are also indicated. Finally, the presentations used during the lessons are provided.
Pathology
Course syllabus
Endocrine system
Pituitary pathology (anterior, posterior, and suprasellar tumors)
Thyroid disease (goiter, thyroiditis, thyroid tumors)
Pathology of the parathyroids (hyperplasia, adenoma, carcinoma)
Pathology of the endocrine pancreas (diabetes, pancreatic endocrine neoplasms)
Pathology of the adrenal gland (tumors of the cortex and medulla)
Digestive system
Pathology of the esophagus and of the esophagus-gastric junction (esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, neoplasms)
Acute and chronic gastritis, peptic disease
Gastric tumors benign and malignant
Non-neoplastic disease of the small and large intestine (celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis)
Neoplastic disease of the small and large intestine
Pathology of the appendix
Acute and chronic pancreatitis
Neoplastic pathology of the exocrine pancreas
Inflammatory liver disease (hepatitis, steatohepatitis)
Pathology of the biliary tract (primary and secondary biliary cirrhosis)
Liver cirrhosis, jaundice and cholestasis
Neoplastic pathology of the liver.
Hemolymphopoietic system
Lymphoid malignancies (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma)
Myeloid malignancies (myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, acute myeloid leukemias)
The pathology of the red blood cell and hemorrhagic diseases (anaemia, polyglobulia, hemorrhagic diathesis)
The bone marrow biopsy
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
Robbins and Cotran. PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE (9th Edition)
Internal Medicine
Course syllabus
Immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases - Anaphylactic reaction: pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis - Food allergy - Urticaria - Drug allergy - Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis - Allergic asthma
Atopic Dermatitis - Mastocytosis
Teaching methods
Lectures with the aid of related slides that will be provided to students as an outline for exam preparation - Clinical cases will be presented for the application of the concepts exposed
Teaching Resources
HARRISON 'S INTERNAL MEDICINE -SLIDES - SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES PROVIDED DIRECTLY TO STUDENTS
Gastroenterology
Course syllabus
Main manifestations of digestive diseases (Abdominal pain Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Digestive haemorrhages and occult digestive bleeding
Principles of pathophysiology of the esophagus, Gastroesophageal reflux disease and its consequences, Neoplasms of the esophagus
Principles of gastric physiopathology, gastritis, peptic disease, gastric neoplasms
Intestinal Absorption Pathophysiology, Malabsorption Syndromes, Celiac Disease, Small Intestine Neoplasms
Pathophysiology of the liver and biliary tract, Acute and chronic liver diseases of various aetiologies, Liver cirrhosis and complications
Neoplasms of the liver and biliary tract
Pathology of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, acute pancreatitis chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms. Neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Inflammatory bowel disease Colonic diverticulosis Colorectal neoplasms
Functional diseases (non-ulcer dyspepsia, irritable bowel)
Gastrointestinal infections
Teaching methods
For the development of the Gastroenterology course, frontal lessons will be performed, as well as interdisciplinary seminars on topics of particular importance, simulations and discussions of emblematic clinical cases; in any case, opportunities for discussion and interactivity will be privileged. During the professionalizing activities carried out in the specialist department, the practical aspect will be more privileged, with the execution by the student of guided anamnestic collections and characteristic objective surveys for the teaching field. Also on these occasions the essential aspects of the patients under examination will be discussed.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di Gastroenterologia UNIGASTRO - Edizione 2019-2022
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine - Twentieth Edition
Endocrinology
Course syllabus
Feed-back, Integration with other systems
Circadian rhythms of hormone secretion. Types and mechanisms of action of different hormones
Pathogenetic mechanisms of endocrinopathies and metabolic diseases: excess and deficit syndromes
Resistance, bioactivity, peripheral hormonal metabolism disorders
Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, gonadal, hypothalamic-pituitary disorders
Insulin resistance metabolic syndrome
Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes, Obesity
Genetic monogenic diabetes and obesity
Organ complications of diabetes
Bone metabolism and osteoporosis
Nutrition and hormones
For the various pathologies, the course will provide the following tools:
- define the disease, know the main epidemiological data, illustrate the causes and pathogenic mechanisms, illustrate the basis of the nosographic framework, illustrate the symptoms of onset and status, interpret the pathophysiological causes of the symptoms and signs, interpret the biochemical data, know the indications for the use of instrumental investigations useful for the diagnosis. For some diseases, an anatomical-pathological and/or genetic classification is also provided.
- indications and limits of the main diagnostic investigations
Teaching methods
- Lectures supported by visual media
- Group discussion of clinical cases
- Non-formal teaching - Clinical question oriented teaching (training medical students to work autonomously, think independently, formulate their own judgments and make appropriate decisions in the professional field.
Teaching Resources
FAGLIA G., "Malattie del Sistema Endocrino e del Metabolismo" McGraw-Hill
FAGLIA G. , "Core curriculum" McGraw-Hill
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine - Twentieth Edition
Scientific articles from indexed international journals, suggested by the professors
Blood diseases
Course syllabus
- Concepts of normal vs. hematopoiesis pathological; laboratory diagnostics
- Pathophysiology and main forms of anemia
- Congenital and acquired defects of hemostasis
- Platelet pathologies
- Acute onco-haematological diseases: clinical and laboratory diagnostics
- Acute and chronic leukaemias
- Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
- Monoclonal gammopathies
- Characterization of Multiple Myeloma
- Lymphoproliferative diseases
- Concepts of transfusion medicine
- Bone marrow transplant and cellular therapies
- Emergencies in Hematology
- Discussion of clinical cases
Teaching methods
- Lectures supported by visual media
- Group discussion of clinical cases
- Non-formal teaching - Clinical question oriented teaching (training medical students to work autonomously, think independently, formulate their own judgments and make appropriate decisions in the professional field.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di Ematologia II edizione, Autori: Corradini - Foa' - Boccadoro - Cappellini - Carlo-Stella - Cattaneo - Federici - Gambacorti-Passerini - Lambertenghi Deliliers - Mannucci - Pane - Peyvandi - Pogliani. AAVV , Editore: Minerva Medica, Edizione: II 2015, Volume: Unico
Prossima IIIa Edizione nel 2020, Volume. Unico
Scientific articles from indexed international journals, indicated by the professors
Rheumatology
Course syllabus
Immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases
Anaphylactic reaction: pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis- Food allergy
Urticaria - Drug Allergy
Allergic Rhino-Conjunctivitis - Allergic Asthma
Atopic Dermatitis - Mastocytosis
Introduction to the course of rheumatology and Classification of rheumatological diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloenthesoarthritis
Infectious agent arthritis
Microcrystalline arthropathies (gout, calcium pyrophosphate disease)
Arthrosis
Osteoporosis and other bone diseases (osteomalacia, Paget)
Extra-articular pain syndromes (localized and diffuse)
Autoimmunity and autoantibodies
S. of Sjogren
Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Systemic sclerosis
Inflammatory myopathies
Overlapping syndromes and undifferentiated connective tissue disease
Systemic vasculitis and polymyalgia rheumatica
Developmental rheumatological diseases (notes)
Autoinflammatory diseases (outline)
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Clinical cases
Interactive simulated clinical cases
Interpretation of laboratory tests
Interpretation of radiological images
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Clinical cases
Interactive simulated clinical cases
Interpretation of laboratory tests
Interpretation of radiological images
Teaching Resources
Reumatologia per studenti e medici di medicina generale, III edizione - UNIREUMA. Ed Idelson Gnocchi
EULAR Textbook on Rheumatic Diseases - Third Edition (2018) Textbook on rheumatic diseases - https://www.eular.org › edu_textbook
General surgery
Course syllabus
Endocrine pathology of surgical interest
Benign and malignant gastric pathology
Teaching methods
Lectures, tutorials, seminars, clinical cases, live surgery
Teaching Resources
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 18th Edition - Expert Consult Premium Edition: Enhanced Online Features and Print
By Courtney M. Townsend, Jr., MD, R. Daniel Beauchamp, MD, B. Mark Evers, MD and Kenneth L. Mattox, MD
Hardbound, 2384 pages
Published: NOV-2007
ISBN 10: 1-4160-3675-X
ISBN 13: 978-1-4160-3675-3
Imprint: SAUNDERS
Manuale di Chirurgia Generale di D.F. D' Amico
II Edizione Riveduta e Aggiornata
Opera in 2 volumi
Edizioni Piccin
Blood diseases
MED/15 - BLOOD DISEASES - University credits: 4
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Endocrinology
MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - University credits: 4
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Gastroenterology
MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGY - University credits: 4
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
: 12 hours
General surgery
MED/18 - GENERAL SURGERY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 8 hours
: 4 hours
Professor: Favi Evaldo
Internal Medicine
MED/09 - INTERNAL MEDICINE - University credits: 1
Lessons: 8 hours
: 4 hours
Medical genetics
MED/03 - MEDICAL GENETICS - University credits: 2
: 4 hours
Lessons: 20 hours
Pathology
MED/08 - PATHOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
: 4 hours
Rheumatology
MED/16 - RHEUMATOLOGY - University credits: 3
Informal teaching: 16 hours
Lessons: 20 hours
: 4 hours
Professor(s)
Reception:
by appointment arranged by e-mail
Padiglione Zonda - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico - second floor
Reception:
Thursday 12.00 am - 01.00 pm
IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, via Ariosto 9, Milan
Reception:
Wednesday, 16.00-18.00 (only by appointment to be made by email)
ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milano
Reception:
14.00-15.00
Studio Medici U.O.C. Trapianti di Rene - Padiglione Croff - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Reception:
by telephone appointment
via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milano - Lab of Neurogenetics and mitochondrial disorders
Reception:
send me an email to meet me
Reception:
Monday 12.00-13.00 (by appointment)
Interhospital Pathology Division, Science and Technology Park, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milano
Reception:
Available on request
RCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico - Pad. Invernizzi - 5th floor, wing B