Physical Sciences and Diagnostic Imaging
A.Y. 2024/2025
Learning objectives
Provide the necessary knowledge for the learning and understanding of: the basic physical laws, the protection from ionizing radiation, the diagnostic radiology images, and fundamental bioengineering knowledge.
Expected learning outcomes
At the end of the course the students will have acquired a series of knowledge both in the basic sciences, such as the physical sciences and bioengineering useful for understanding biological phenomena, and in the specific topics of diagnostic imaging and radiation protection for understanding the use of various methodologies for diagnostic examinations accompanied by an evaluation of the risk-benefit balance
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course can be attended as a single course.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Prerequisites for admission
No specific preliminary knowledge is required other than that already provided in relation to admission to the Degree Course, which includes: General Culture, Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics.
Assessment methods and Criteria
The evaluation criteria are based on a written test with an evaluation expressed in thirtieths.
During the written test, where relevant, the use of calculator is indicated.
The test includes multiple choice questions and, if considered of interest, open questions on specific topics covered in the course may also be included.
During the course of the teaching activity, students are provided on time with information on the structure of the test, on the way the test is performed including the time taken to carry out the test, and on the evaluation criteria used to ascertain the level of the progress of the learning.
Upon completion of the written test, the teacher provides information on the appropriate and correct answers to the individual questions of the test, and this feedback is also aimed at evidencing any critical issues and is configured as a further input of the training process.
During the written test, where relevant, the use of calculator is indicated.
The test includes multiple choice questions and, if considered of interest, open questions on specific topics covered in the course may also be included.
During the course of the teaching activity, students are provided on time with information on the structure of the test, on the way the test is performed including the time taken to carry out the test, and on the evaluation criteria used to ascertain the level of the progress of the learning.
Upon completion of the written test, the teacher provides information on the appropriate and correct answers to the individual questions of the test, and this feedback is also aimed at evidencing any critical issues and is configured as a further input of the training process.
Applied physics
Course syllabus
Introduction: the role of measurement, physical quantities and units of measurement, references to vectors and operations on vectors. Mechanics: reference systems, Newton's laws, kinetic energy and work, energy conservation, power; the levers. Fluid mechanics: Pascal and Archimedes principle, Stevino's law. Bernoulli's theorem, real liquid, laminar regime and turbulent regime, viscous entrainment, surface tension. Thermology: temperature, equation of state of perfect gases, real gases, heat propagation mechanisms. Electrostatics: Coulomb's law, electric fields, electric potential, capacity and resistance; electrical circuits.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons and exercises for adequate use of units of measurement and consolidation of physical content learned, including physical laws. Students will be given powerpoint files used by the teacher during the frontal lessons.
Teaching Resources
Contessa GM, Arzo GA. Fisica applicata alle scienze mediche. Zanichelli CEA 2019
Diagnostic imaging
Course syllabus
Diagnostic imaging techniques used in foot and ankle pathologies. Ultrasound, Traditional Radiology, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance, Nuclear Medicine: how images are acquired and produced, what information can provide, which diagnostic specificity, contraindications, economic and biological cost / benefit ratio.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
Cittadini G, Cittadini G, Sardanelli F. Diagnostica per immagini e radioterapia. EDRA 2015; De Petro, Pozza, Graziano, Faletti. Esame Radiologico In Carico Del Piede: Biomeccanica, Tecnica, Indicazioni E Criteri Valutativi. Timeo Editore
Radioprotection
Course syllabus
Atom structure; nuclides; electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation; excitation and ionization; gamma- and x-rays, x-ray tube; radioactive decay; positron-electron annihilation; coherent diffusion, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, pair creation; dosimetry (absorbed, equivalent, and effective dose); compute tomography as the most relevant source of radiation exposure for medical purposes. Magnetic resonance imaging: biological effects and protection of patients and operators (contraindications and limiting conditions). Basic knowledge of the techniques used in radiodiagnostics and nuclear medicine. Principles of radiobiology. Legislation on radioprotection of workers and patients.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
Cittadini G, Cittadini G, Sardanelli F. Diagnostica per immagini e radioterapia. EDRA 2015
Electronic and informatics bioengineering
Course syllabus
1) Principles of biomedical instrumentation and data acquisition, 2) Bioimaging based on ultrasounds; 3) Ionizing radiation and bioimaging based on ionizing radiation; 4) Biomechanics and biomaterials.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons. Students will be given powerpoint files used by the teacher during the frontal lessons.Frontal lessons
Teaching Resources
1) Strumentazione Biomedica - progetto e impiego dei sistemi di misura, G. Avanzolini, Patron Editore, Bologna, 1998;
2) Bioimmagini, G. Valli e G. Coppini, Patron Editore, Bologna, 2005
2) Bioimmagini, G. Valli e G. Coppini, Patron Editore, Bologna, 2005
Applied physics
FIS/07 - APPLIED PHYSICS - University credits: 4
Lessons: 40 hours
Diagnostic imaging
MED/36 - IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor:
Messina Carmelo
Shifts:
Turno
Professor:
Messina Carmelo
Electronic and informatics bioengineering
ING-INF/06 - ELECTRONIC AND INFORMATICS BIOENGINEERING - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Professor:
Porta Alberto
Shifts:
Turno
Professor:
Porta Alberto
Radioprotection
MED/36 - IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Professor:
Messina Carmelo
Shifts:
Turno
Professor:
Messina CarmeloEducational website(s)
Professor(s)
Reception:
by appointment to be agreed via e-mail
San Donato Milanese - via R. Morandi 30