Metodi per una pratica assistenziale avanzata basata sulle evidenze di ricerca

Introduction to the procedures based on hypothesis testing for quantitative or interval variables Description of the sample using the sample mean and the sample variance Description of the sample through the distribution and calculation of percentiles Hypothesis test for the assessment of differences between groups: F-test Homoscedasticity test Hypothesis test for the evaluation of the differences between two groups: t-test for unpaired data Use of the t-test to isolate differences between groups in multiple comparison problems Hypothesis test for repeated measures: t-test for paired data Hypothesis test based on the rank sum: the Mann-Whitney test Introduction to the procedures based on the hypothesis test for two mutually exclusive nominal variables Description of the sample by the frequency of the two categories Construction of the contingency table Hypothesis test to evaluate the differences between groups: tests Use of the test to isolate differences between groups in multiple comparison problems Hypothesis test for repeated measures: McNemar test

Introduction to the procedures based on hypothesis testing for quantitative or interval variables Description of the sample using the sample mean and the sample variance Description of the sample through the distribution and calculation of percentiles Hypothesis test for the assessment of differences between groups: F-test Homoscedasticity test Hypothesis test for the evaluation of the differences between two groups: t-test for unpaired data Use of the t-test to isolate differences between groups in multiple comparison problems Hypothesis test for repeated measures: t-test for paired data Hypothesis test based on the rank sum: the Mann-Whitney test Introduction to the procedures based on the hypothesis test for two mutually exclusive nominal variables Description of the sample by the frequency of the two categories Construction of the contingency table Hypothesis test to evaluate the differences between groups: tests Use of the test to isolate differences between groups in multiple comparison problems Hypothesis test for repeated measures: McNemar test

1. Introduction to the evidence based medicine for the clinical practice
2. The clinical research question: formulate and search a clinical question on the scientific literature databases
3. Randomized controlled trials: importance, methods and results
4. Systematic reviews and introduction to meta-analyses
5. Clinical practice guideline: definition and national context

Identify in the nursing care processes (e.g. protected discharge of the frail patient from the hospital, care of the chronic patient in the community, provision of fast track paths for white codes in the emergency room, case management of complex patients, pathway management of vascular accesses):
- Drawing up a rationale and achievable objectives based on the context analysis
- Searching for and evaluating the strongest evidence to support this rationale and these objectives: which study designs, highlighting which strengths and discussing which weaknesses? What aspects lack evidence and how should we document them, what data should we produce to monitor the situation?
- Checking the actual feasibility of the whole thing: are the resources we should put in place comparable, in organisational terms, to those discussed in the evidence found? What benefits can we expect in return for the resources deployed?
- How do we document this whole process in terms of evidence, in a cyclic quality improvement perspective?