Internal Medicine
A.Y. 2024/2025
Learning objectives
The objectives of the sixth year are unified with those of the fifth, the various topics concerning the main diseases, their differential diagnosis and therapies will be distributed in the two semesters of the fifth year and in the first semester of the sixth year
Expected learning outcomes
At the end of the course, which includes the 5th and 6th year, the exam will be carried out in which the candidate will have to perform a practical part and answer questions.
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Linea Policlinico
Course syllabus
The topics covered in the Internal Medicine teaching are the following:
Cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory system diseases
Hematopoietic pathologies Hemostasis pathologies and thrombosis
Hepato-gastroenterological pathologies
Metabolic disorders (classification with diabetes)
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to the cancer patient (main pathologies therapeutic treatment side effects ...)
Approach to complex clinical pictures (confusional states, frailty of the elderly subject, weight disorders, electrolyte disturbances, non-typical abdominal pain, nosocomial infections ...)
Statistical and epidemiological evaluation of the main pathologies
Medicine between Hospital and Community
By way of example, the list of some pathological conditions is reported which will be evaluated for prevalence, severity, evolution, exemplary in order to explore the maturity acquired in therapeutic decisionsof Internal medicine topics:
- Bronchial asthma, acute attack and chronic treatment
- COPD and exacerbation of COPD
- Pneumonia
- Hypertension
- Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
- Atrial fibrillation
- Acute and chronic heart failure
- Venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Decompensated liver cirrhosis (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, prevention of digestive bleeding)
- Infections of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dehydration and fluid reduction
- Electrolyte imbalances (K +, Ca ++)
- Anemia
- Non-surgical acute abdomen
Cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory system diseases
Hematopoietic pathologies Hemostasis pathologies and thrombosis
Hepato-gastroenterological pathologies
Metabolic disorders (classification with diabetes)
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to the cancer patient (main pathologies therapeutic treatment side effects ...)
Approach to complex clinical pictures (confusional states, frailty of the elderly subject, weight disorders, electrolyte disturbances, non-typical abdominal pain, nosocomial infections ...)
Statistical and epidemiological evaluation of the main pathologies
Medicine between Hospital and Community
By way of example, the list of some pathological conditions is reported which will be evaluated for prevalence, severity, evolution, exemplary in order to explore the maturity acquired in therapeutic decisionsof Internal medicine topics:
- Bronchial asthma, acute attack and chronic treatment
- COPD and exacerbation of COPD
- Pneumonia
- Hypertension
- Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
- Atrial fibrillation
- Acute and chronic heart failure
- Venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Decompensated liver cirrhosis (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, prevention of digestive bleeding)
- Infections of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dehydration and fluid reduction
- Electrolyte imbalances (K +, Ca ++)
- Anemia
- Non-surgical acute abdomen
Prerequisites for admission
Based on the knowledge acquired in the courses of previous years, the student should have the ability to create a diagnostic pathway of the main clinical manifestations. In particular, he/she should know the pathogenetic and pathophysiological bases, risk factors and prognostic factors of diseases; their epidemiological, anatomo-pathological and semeiological, laboratory and instrumental characterization; and be able to set up a course based on possible differential diagnoses. In addition, he/she should be able, based on the pharmacological knowledge of treatment, and how to evaluate the evidence in medicine
Teaching methods
The course uses the teaching tools listed below in relation to the diversified teaching activities foreseen during the course.
Innovative and interactive frontal lesson It will start with the presentation of clinical cases and the best diagnostic-therapeutic procedure will be discussed together with the students encouraging the discussion of methodological aspects. Material will be provided to the student to develop, in the non-presence hours, some parts that will later be presented in the in-presence hours and discussed collegially. Simulation of multidisciplinary presentations of the different clinical problems will also be proposed with the presence of more than one faculty member. The latest methods of innovative teaching (Flipped classroom, problem based learning and pro/cons debate, peer teaching, collaborative learning ) will also be used in the in-presence hours (frontal teaching)
Multidisciplinary clinical seminars clinical problems with multi-pathological aspects addressed by specialists from different disciplines
Tutorial professional activities
Attendance in the inpatients Unit of Internal Medicine (internship elective and preparation of degree thesis) on individual student request, following one of the tutors of the course as part of the assistance activities carried out in the department of belonging, the Day Hospital and out patients setting
Innovative and interactive frontal lesson It will start with the presentation of clinical cases and the best diagnostic-therapeutic procedure will be discussed together with the students encouraging the discussion of methodological aspects. Material will be provided to the student to develop, in the non-presence hours, some parts that will later be presented in the in-presence hours and discussed collegially. Simulation of multidisciplinary presentations of the different clinical problems will also be proposed with the presence of more than one faculty member. The latest methods of innovative teaching (Flipped classroom, problem based learning and pro/cons debate, peer teaching, collaborative learning ) will also be used in the in-presence hours (frontal teaching)
Multidisciplinary clinical seminars clinical problems with multi-pathological aspects addressed by specialists from different disciplines
Tutorial professional activities
Attendance in the inpatients Unit of Internal Medicine (internship elective and preparation of degree thesis) on individual student request, following one of the tutors of the course as part of the assistance activities carried out in the department of belonging, the Day Hospital and out patients setting
Teaching Resources
The book proposed is Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine, 21 th edition. During the teaching activities, Professors will provide references for the consultation of the update literature available online, with particular attention to the New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, British Medical Journal-BMJ; journals published by the American College of Physicians; Cochrane Library, and the most recent guidelines
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exam will assess the student's ability to organize, collect and interpret the data of patients and to plan a diagnostic-therapeutic pathways to reach a correct diagnosis and to define the most appropriate therapy. The following contents will be specifically evaluated during the Oral Exam
(a) Discussion of a clinical case with emphasis:
- to the differential diagnosis
- to the definition of a rational diagnostic pathway based on: epidemiological criteria, rational use of diagnostic resources, optimal risk-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, and expected prognosis
(b) Discussion of the criteria for therapy setting in the treatment of different conditions with emphasis on the exposition of the modalities of clinical use of major drugs and their therapeutic efficacy and the principal contraindications and side effects in the use of the most commonly used drugs
(a) Discussion of a clinical case with emphasis:
- to the differential diagnosis
- to the definition of a rational diagnostic pathway based on: epidemiological criteria, rational use of diagnostic resources, optimal risk-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, and expected prognosis
(b) Discussion of the criteria for therapy setting in the treatment of different conditions with emphasis on the exposition of the modalities of clinical use of major drugs and their therapeutic efficacy and the principal contraindications and side effects in the use of the most commonly used drugs
MED/09 - INTERNAL MEDICINE - University credits: 5
Lessons: 48 hours
: 12 hours
: 12 hours
Linea San Donato
Course syllabus
The topics covered in the Internal Medicine teaching are the following:
Cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory system diseases
Hematopoietic pathologies Hemostasis pathologies and thrombosis
Hepato-gastroenterological pathologies
Metabolic disorders (classification with diabetes)
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to the cancer patient (main pathologies therapeutic treatment side effects ...)
Approach to complex clinical pictures (confusional states, frailty of the elderly subject, weight disorders, electrolyte disturbances, non-typical abdominal pain, nosocomial infections ...)
Statistical and epidemiological evaluation of the main pathologies
Medicine between Hospital and Community
By way of example, the list of some pathological conditions is reported which will be evaluated for prevalence, severity, evolution, exemplary in order to explore the maturity acquired in therapeutic decisionsof Internal medicine topics:
- Bronchial asthma, acute attack and chronic treatment
- COPD and exacerbation of COPD
- Pneumonia
- Hypertension
- Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
- Atrial fibrillation
- Acute and chronic heart failure
- Venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Decompensated liver cirrhosis (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, prevention of digestive bleeding)
- Infections of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dehydration and fluid reduction
- Electrolyte imbalances (K +, Ca ++)
- Anemia
- Non-surgical acute abdomen
Cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory system diseases
Hematopoietic pathologies Hemostasis pathologies and thrombosis
Hepato-gastroenterological pathologies
Metabolic disorders (classification with diabetes)
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to the cancer patient (main pathologies therapeutic treatment side effects ...)
Approach to complex clinical pictures (confusional states, frailty of the elderly subject, weight disorders, electrolyte disturbances, non-typical abdominal pain, nosocomial infections ...)
Statistical and epidemiological evaluation of the main pathologies
Medicine between Hospital and Community
By way of example, the list of some pathological conditions is reported which will be evaluated for prevalence, severity, evolution, exemplary in order to explore the maturity acquired in therapeutic decisionsof Internal medicine topics:
- Bronchial asthma, acute attack and chronic treatment
- COPD and exacerbation of COPD
- Pneumonia
- Hypertension
- Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
- Atrial fibrillation
- Acute and chronic heart failure
- Venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Decompensated liver cirrhosis (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, prevention of digestive bleeding)
- Infections of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dehydration and fluid reduction
- Electrolyte imbalances (K +, Ca ++)
- Anemia
- Non-surgical acute abdomen
Prerequisites for admission
Based on the knowledge acquired in the courses of previous years, the student should have the ability to create a diagnostic pathway of the main clinical manifestations. In particular, he/she should know the pathogenetic and pathophysiological bases, risk factors and prognostic factors of diseases; their epidemiological, anatomo-pathological and semeiological, laboratory and instrumental characterization; and be able to set up a course based on possible differential diagnoses. In addition, he/she should be able, based on the pharmacological knowledge of treatment, and how to evaluate the evidence in medicine
Teaching methods
The course uses the teaching tools listed below in relation to the diversified teaching activities foreseen during the course.
Innovative and interactive frontal lesson It will start with the presentation of clinical cases and the best diagnostic-therapeutic procedure will be discussed together with the students encouraging the discussion of methodological aspects. Material will be provided to the student to develop, in the non-presence hours, some parts that will later be presented in the in-presence hours and discussed collegially. Simulation of multidisciplinary presentations of the different clinical problems will also be proposed with the presence of more than one faculty member. The latest methods of innovative teaching (Flipped classroom, problem based learning and pro/cons debate, peer teaching, collaborative learning ) will also be used in the in-presence hours (frontal teaching)
Multidisciplinary clinical seminars clinical problems with multi-pathological aspects addressed by specialists from different disciplines
Tutorial professional activities
Attendance in the inpatients Unit of Internal Medicine (internship elective and preparation of degree thesis) on individual student request, following one of the tutors of the course as part of the assistance activities carried out in the department of belonging, the Day Hospital and out patients setting
Innovative and interactive frontal lesson It will start with the presentation of clinical cases and the best diagnostic-therapeutic procedure will be discussed together with the students encouraging the discussion of methodological aspects. Material will be provided to the student to develop, in the non-presence hours, some parts that will later be presented in the in-presence hours and discussed collegially. Simulation of multidisciplinary presentations of the different clinical problems will also be proposed with the presence of more than one faculty member. The latest methods of innovative teaching (Flipped classroom, problem based learning and pro/cons debate, peer teaching, collaborative learning ) will also be used in the in-presence hours (frontal teaching)
Multidisciplinary clinical seminars clinical problems with multi-pathological aspects addressed by specialists from different disciplines
Tutorial professional activities
Attendance in the inpatients Unit of Internal Medicine (internship elective and preparation of degree thesis) on individual student request, following one of the tutors of the course as part of the assistance activities carried out in the department of belonging, the Day Hospital and out patients setting
Teaching Resources
The book proposed is Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine, 21 th edition. During the teaching activities, Professors will provide references for the consultation of the update literature available online, with particular attention to the New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, British Medical Journal-BMJ; journals published by the American College of Physicians; Cochrane Library, and the most recent guidelines
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exam will assess the student's ability to organize, collect and interpret the data of patients and to plan a diagnostic-therapeutic pathways to reach a correct diagnosis and to define the most appropriate therapy. The following contents will be specifically evaluated during the Oral Exam
(a) Discussion of a clinical case with emphasis:
- to the differential diagnosis
- to the definition of a rational diagnostic pathway based on: epidemiological criteria, rational use of diagnostic resources, optimal risk-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, and expected prognosis
(b) Discussion of the criteria for therapy setting in the treatment of different conditions with emphasis on the exposition of the modalities of clinical use of major drugs and their therapeutic efficacy and the principal contraindications and side effects in the use of the most commonly used drugs
(a) Discussion of a clinical case with emphasis:
- to the differential diagnosis
- to the definition of a rational diagnostic pathway based on: epidemiological criteria, rational use of diagnostic resources, optimal risk-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, and expected prognosis
(b) Discussion of the criteria for therapy setting in the treatment of different conditions with emphasis on the exposition of the modalities of clinical use of major drugs and their therapeutic efficacy and the principal contraindications and side effects in the use of the most commonly used drugs
MED/09 - INTERNAL MEDICINE - University credits: 5
Lessons: 48 hours
: 12 hours
: 12 hours
Shifts:
Linea San Giuseppe
Course syllabus
The topics covered in the Internal Medicine teaching are the following:
Cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory system diseases
Hematopoietic pathologies Hemostasis pathologies and thrombosis
Hepato-gastroenterological pathologies
Metabolic disorders (classification with diabetes)
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to the cancer patient (main pathologies therapeutic treatment side effects ...)
Approach to complex clinical pictures (confusional states, frailty of the elderly subject, weight disorders, electrolyte disturbances, non-typical abdominal pain, nosocomial infections ...)
Statistical and epidemiological evaluation of the main pathologies
Medicine between Hospital and Community
By way of example, the list of some pathological conditions is reported which will be evaluated for prevalence, severity, evolution, exemplary in order to explore the maturity acquired in therapeutic decisionsof Internal medicine topics:
- Bronchial asthma, acute attack and chronic treatment
- COPD and exacerbation of COPD
- Pneumonia
- Hypertension
- Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
- Atrial fibrillation
- Acute and chronic heart failure
- Venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Decompensated liver cirrhosis (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, prevention of digestive bleeding)
- Infections of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dehydration and fluid reduction
- Electrolyte imbalances (K +, Ca ++)
- Anemia
- Non-surgical acute abdomen
Cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory system diseases
Hematopoietic pathologies Hemostasis pathologies and thrombosis
Hepato-gastroenterological pathologies
Metabolic disorders (classification with diabetes)
Approach to autoimmune diseases
Approach to the cancer patient (main pathologies therapeutic treatment side effects ...)
Approach to complex clinical pictures (confusional states, frailty of the elderly subject, weight disorders, electrolyte disturbances, non-typical abdominal pain, nosocomial infections ...)
Statistical and epidemiological evaluation of the main pathologies
Medicine between Hospital and Community
By way of example, the list of some pathological conditions is reported which will be evaluated for prevalence, severity, evolution, exemplary in order to explore the maturity acquired in therapeutic decisionsof Internal medicine topics:
- Bronchial asthma, acute attack and chronic treatment
- COPD and exacerbation of COPD
- Pneumonia
- Hypertension
- Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
- Atrial fibrillation
- Acute and chronic heart failure
- Venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Decompensated liver cirrhosis (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, prevention of digestive bleeding)
- Infections of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dehydration and fluid reduction
- Electrolyte imbalances (K +, Ca ++)
- Anemia
- Non-surgical acute abdomen
Prerequisites for admission
Based on the knowledge acquired in the courses of previous years, the student should have the ability to create a diagnostic pathway of the main clinical manifestations. In particular, he/she should know the pathogenetic and pathophysiological bases, risk factors and prognostic factors of diseases; their epidemiological, anatomo-pathological and semeiological, laboratory and instrumental characterization; and be able to set up a course based on possible differential diagnoses. In addition, he/she should be able, based on the pharmacological knowledge of treatment, and how to evaluate the evidence in medicine
Teaching methods
The course uses the teaching tools listed below in relation to the diversified teaching activities foreseen during the course.
Innovative and interactive frontal lesson It will start with the presentation of clinical cases and the best diagnostic-therapeutic procedure will be discussed together with the students encouraging the discussion of methodological aspects. Material will be provided to the student to develop, in the non-presence hours, some parts that will later be presented in the in-presence hours and discussed collegially. Simulation of multidisciplinary presentations of the different clinical problems will also be proposed with the presence of more than one faculty member. The latest methods of innovative teaching (Flipped classroom, problem based learning and pro/cons debate, peer teaching, collaborative learning ) will also be used in the in-presence hours (frontal teaching)
Multidisciplinary clinical seminars clinical problems with multi-pathological aspects addressed by specialists from different disciplines
Tutorial professional activities
Attendance in the inpatients Unit of Internal Medicine (internship elective and preparation of degree thesis) on individual student request, following one of the tutors of the course as part of the assistance activities carried out in the department of belonging, the Day Hospital and out patients setting
Innovative and interactive frontal lesson It will start with the presentation of clinical cases and the best diagnostic-therapeutic procedure will be discussed together with the students encouraging the discussion of methodological aspects. Material will be provided to the student to develop, in the non-presence hours, some parts that will later be presented in the in-presence hours and discussed collegially. Simulation of multidisciplinary presentations of the different clinical problems will also be proposed with the presence of more than one faculty member. The latest methods of innovative teaching (Flipped classroom, problem based learning and pro/cons debate, peer teaching, collaborative learning ) will also be used in the in-presence hours (frontal teaching)
Multidisciplinary clinical seminars clinical problems with multi-pathological aspects addressed by specialists from different disciplines
Tutorial professional activities
Attendance in the inpatients Unit of Internal Medicine (internship elective and preparation of degree thesis) on individual student request, following one of the tutors of the course as part of the assistance activities carried out in the department of belonging, the Day Hospital and out patients setting
Teaching Resources
The book proposed is Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine, 21 th edition. During the teaching activities, Professors will provide references for the consultation of the update literature available online, with particular attention to the New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, British Medical Journal-BMJ; journals published by the American College of Physicians; Cochrane Library, and the most recent guidelines
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exam will assess the student's ability to organize, collect and interpret the data of patients and to plan a diagnostic-therapeutic pathways to reach a correct diagnosis and to define the most appropriate therapy. The following contents will be specifically evaluated during the Oral Exam
(a) Discussion of a clinical case with emphasis:
- to the differential diagnosis
- to the definition of a rational diagnostic pathway based on: epidemiological criteria, rational use of diagnostic resources, optimal risk-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, and expected prognosis
(b) Discussion of the criteria for therapy setting in the treatment of different conditions with emphasis on the exposition of the modalities of clinical use of major drugs and their therapeutic efficacy and the principal contraindications and side effects in the use of the most commonly used drugs
(a) Discussion of a clinical case with emphasis:
- to the differential diagnosis
- to the definition of a rational diagnostic pathway based on: epidemiological criteria, rational use of diagnostic resources, optimal risk-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, and expected prognosis
(b) Discussion of the criteria for therapy setting in the treatment of different conditions with emphasis on the exposition of the modalities of clinical use of major drugs and their therapeutic efficacy and the principal contraindications and side effects in the use of the most commonly used drugs
MED/09 - INTERNAL MEDICINE - University credits: 5
Lessons: 48 hours
: 12 hours
: 12 hours
Educational website(s)
Professor(s)
Reception:
On Thursdays, at 3 p.m.
CET, via Pace 9 Milano, Pad 2, first floor
Reception:
by appointment (e-mail request)
Marangoni pavilion, Policlinico IRCCS hospital, via F Sforza 35, Milan