Human Anatomy and Anatomy of the Masticatory Apparatus

I- HUMAN ANATOMY (general part)
CONSTRUCTIVE PRINCIPLES OF THE HUMAN BODY
Body scheme; anatomical terminology; spaces, cavities and body regions; organs, systems, apparata.

TEGUMENTARY APPARATUS
General information on the skin and skin appendages.

LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS
General information on bones, joints, muscles; axial and appendicular skeleton; joints of the human body; head, trunk and limb muscles.

BLOOD CIRCULATORY APPARATUS
- Definition, classification and structure of arteries, veins and capillaries.
- Heart: Morphology, site, orientation, external configuration, internal configuration, morphology of the ventricles and heart valves, thoracocardiac topography, structure, conduction system, vascularization and innervation.
- General and pulmonary circulation: arteries and veins (origin, course, main relationships, territory of distribution / drainage, main collateral branches with relative territory and terminal branches with relative territory); portal vein system.

LYMPHATIC CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
- Definition and organic composition; definition and structure of lymphatic vessels; main lymphatic trunks
Lymphoid organs (Thymus, spleen, lymph node, tonsils)

SPLANCNOLOGY (DIGESTIVE, RESPIRATORY, URINARY, MALE AND FEMININE, ENDOCRINE PARTS)
- Systematic study of viscera:
· General morphology and organoleptic characteristics
· Situation, orientation, position and relationships, means of fixation and relative projections
· Structure
· Ultrastructure of:
- pulmonary alveolus (pneumocytes and air-blood barrier)
- nephron (renal corpuscle and blood-brain barrier)
- liver (hepatocyte, bile capillary, Disse space)
- epithelium lining the small intestine (enterocytes and microvilli)
· Vascularization
· innervation
· Morpho-functional references.

NERVOUS APPARATUS
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
· Nerve circuits. Morphology and general organization of the central nervous system.
· Afferences to the neurasse: pathways of general and special somatic sensitivity.
· Descending patways; motoneurons and motor control.
· Spinal Cord: external morphology and relationships; internal configuration; organization and connections of the gray and white substance
· Brainstem: external morphology and relationships; internal configuration; organization and connections of the gray and white substance
· Cerebellum: external morphology and relationships; internal configuration; organization and connections of the gray and white substance; phylogenesis
· Lamina quadrigemina: position, external morphology and relationships, role and connections
· Brain: external morphology and relationships; internal configuration; organization and connections of the gray and white substance of both diencephalon and telencephalon.
· Vascularization of the brain.
· Ventricular cavities of the brain, Meninges, cerebrospinal fluid.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
· Nerve: definition, structure, fiber content; receptors.
· Spinal nerves: definition, constitution, site, course; metamerism; posterior and anterior branches of the spinal nerves; plexuses.
· Cranial nerves: fiber content, course and area of distribution of the encephalic nerves and their main branches.
· Sympathetic system: General organization; neurassial centers; peripheral organs: preganglionic and postganglionic fiber; sympathetic, parasympathetic.
Special sense organs:
taste, olfactory, visual, auditory and vestibular apparatus: general organization, structure, site and pathways.

II. Anatomy of the stomatognathic apparatus
- Morphology and architecture of the skull (bones, endo- and exocranial fossae)
- Masticatory muscles
- Temporo-mandibular joint
- Masticatory biomechanics
- Morphology and limits of the oral cavity
- Architecture and structure of tongue, pharynx and larynx
- Structure of the greater and lesser salivary glands
- Morphology of teeth and dental arches (macro and microscopic aspects)
- Morphogenesis of the face and oral cavity
- Morpho-functional aspects of the periodontium
- Vascularization and innervation of the head and neck