Clinical Science (Gastroenterology, Blood Diseases, Psychiatry, Otorhinolaryngology, Anestesiology and Emergency, Heart

A.Y. 2024/2025
8
Max ECTS
80
Overall hours
SSD
MED/11 MED/12 MED/13 MED/15 MED/25 MED/31 MED/41
Language
Italian
Learning objectives
To know the pathological pictures described by the scientific-disciplinary fields of the course in order to acquire the cognitive elements necessary for the relationship with patients who are carriers of the pathologies treated in the integrated course.
Expected learning outcomes
At the end of the lessons, the students will have acquired the necessary knowledge for the relationship with patients with diseases treated in the integrated course.
Single course

This course can be attended as a single course.

Course syllabus and organization

Single session

Responsible
Prerequisites for admission
Notions of general anatomy and physiology
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exams will take place with written test consisting of multiple choice questions of which only one is correct, possibly supplemented with open questions.
Endocrinology
Course syllabus
· Physiology of the endocrine system; definition of hormone, hormones' types, rythms of the hormone secretions, hormone receptors
· The hypotalamic-pituitary-peripheral glands axis and the main axis
· Pituitary diseases: hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly e gigantism, hypopituitarism e growth hormone deficit
· Adrenal diseases: hypercortisolism and hyposurrenalism
· Sex hormones disorders: ovary cicle, female and male hypogonadisms
· Thyroid diseases: goiter, thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism
· Diabetes mellitus e acute and chronic complications
· Management of hypoglycemia
· Disorders of the calcium phosphate metabolism e of the bone metabolism (osteoporosis)
Teaching methods
Frontal lesson
Teaching Resources
Core Curriculum Endocrinologia e Metabolismo
G. Faglia, P. Beck-Peccoz, A. Spada, A. Lania
McGraw-Hill Education (Italy) Srl
Seconda Edizione 2014
Blood diseases
Course syllabus
INTRODUCTION TO HEMATOLOGY
· Areas of interest
· Composition and function of the blood
· Morphological and functional aspects of blood cells
· Functional aspects of the liquid part of the blood
· Interpretation of a complete blood count
· Production of blood cells
· Notions of bone marrow morphology
ANEMIAS
· Definition and classification
· General clinical features of the anemic patient
· Iron deficiency: causes, presentation and diagnostic principles
· Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency: causes, presentation and diagnostic principles
· Notes on congenital hemoglobinopathies (thalassemia, sickle cell anemia)
· Notes on hemolytic anemias
PATHOLOGIES OF THE WHITE SERIES
· Numerical abnormalities of leukocytes of non-neoplastic cause
· Leukemias and lymphomas: what is the difference?
Features of chronic vs acute leukemias, and myeloid vs lymphoid
· Multiple myeloma and osteonecrosis of the jaw
· Classification and clinical outline of lymphomas
HEMOSTASIS
· Definition
· Pathophysiological aspects of hemostasis
· Platelet disorders vs. coagulation disorders
· Notes on hemophilia and von Willebrand disease
· Anticoagulant therapy:
· Unfractionated and low molecular weight heparin
· New oral anticoagulants
· Odontostomatological procedures in patients on anticoagulant therapy
Teaching methods
Teaching is performed through academic lectures based on predefined slideshows on specific topics that can be integrated during the course, based on the class' specific requests for further development.
The teaching material is telematically transferred to students at the end of the course.
Teaching Resources
Didactic material presented in class
Psychiatry
Course syllabus
- Psychopathology: what a mental disorder is and what it is not
- Psychopathology: psychopathological signs / symptoms and Mental Status Examination
- Anxiety disorders (dental phobia classification)
- Mood disorders
- Eating disorders (outline of dental pathology and associated oral cavity)
- Drug use disorders (outline of dental pathology and associated oral cavity)
- Schizophrenia spectrum disorders
- The organization of mental health services in Italy
Teaching methods
Teaching is performed through academic lectures based on predefined slideshows on specific topics that can be integrated during the course, based on the class' specific requests for further development.
The teaching material is telematically transferred to students at the end of the course.
Teaching Resources
C. M. Cornaggia, M. Clerici. Compendio di psichiatria per le professioni socio-sanitarie, 1a ed. 2015, FrancoAngeli ed.
Otorhinolaryngology
Course syllabus
- Notions of anatomy, physiology and physiopathology of upper airways and digestive tract
- Classification of rhinitis and rhinosinuistis
- Rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis
- Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and possible sequelae
- Complications of sinusitis
- Disorders of lymphatic ring of Waldeyer and associated diseases
- Snoring, breathing disorders, OSAS
- Acute and chronic tonsillitis, indication to tonsillectomy
- Recurrent acute otitis media (OMAR) and otitis media with effusion (OME)
- Indication to adenoidectomy
- Dysfunction of Eustachian tube and palate
- Salivary disorders and obstructive sialadenitis (stones, duct anomalies, autoimmune disorders, bruxism)
- Relationship between salivary stones and gengival bacterial placque
- Cervical lymphoadenopathy
Teaching methods
· Frontal lessons supported by visual and audiovisual media of clincal cases, video clips of surgical techniques
· At the specific request of the student professional clinical activity in the unit will be provided
Teaching Resources
Trattato di Otorinolaringoiatria ed Audiologia
Pignataro, Cesarani, Felisati, Schindler
Edises.
Anaesthesiology
Course syllabus
Local anesthetics
· Amino-esters and Amino-amides
· Physico-chemical properties of local anesthetics
· Site of action of local anesthetics and blockage of nerve conduction
· Biophysical characteristics of local anesthetics: fat solubility and potency, dissociation constant (pKa) and onset time, protein binding and duration of action
· Factors that influence local anesthesia
· Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of local anesthetics
· Local complications of local anesthetics
Topical anesthesia
· Local anesthetics for topical use (lidocaine and prilocaine)
· The instruments for topical anesthesia
Medical history and vital signs (consciousness, heart rate and blood pressure, breathing)
Urgencies and emergencies, symptoms and therapeutic algorithms
Respiratory urgencies and emergencies:
· Central hyperventilation syndrome
· Bronchospasm, asthma
· Acute pulmonary edema
· Complete airways obstruction
· Edema of the glottis
Cardiovascular urgencies and emergencies
· Vaso-vagal syndrome
· Hypotension
· Hypertension
· Angina
· Acute Coronary Syndrome
· Anaphylactic shock
Cardiocirculatory arrest
· Diagnosis
· Basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support (ALS)
· Exercise on the manikin
Urgencies and emergencies in the diabetic patient
· Glycemia measurement
· Hypoglycemia
· Hyperglycemia
The patient with severe kidney failure
Systemic complications of local anesthesia
· Toxic reaction from local anesthetic
· Allergic reaction from local anesthetic
· Iatrogenic methemoglobinemia
Latex allergy and Latex Safe environment
Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide
Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide: practice with the sedation machine
Teaching methods
Teaching takes place through lectures with slide projections, discussion of clinical cases and interaction with the class. The teaching material is telematically delivered to the students at the end of the course. Mannekin-based simulation: Basic (BLS) and advanced (ALS) cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the manikin. Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide with the sedation machine.
Teaching Resources
Manuale di anestesia locale (italiano). Con DVD (alcuni capitoli)
Stanley F. Malamed a cura di C. Tommasino, 2006, Masson Editore
Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office,7th Edition (alcuni capitoli)
Stanley F. Malamed, Mosby (Editore)
Cardiovascular diseases
Course syllabus
· Anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system
· Main diseases of the cardiovascular system
· Cardiovascular risk
· Bacterial endocarditis
· Myocarditis
· Management of anticoagulation and anti-aggregation
Teaching methods
Teaching takes place through lectures with slide projections, discussion of clinical cases and interaction with the class.
Teaching Resources
The teaching material is telematically delivered to the students at the end of the course.
Gastroenterology
Course syllabus
After an outline of the anatomy and physiology of the digestive system, gastroesophageal reflux disease, celiac disease, peptic ulcer, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, viral liver diseases and hemorrhagic diathesis will be addressed.
Teaching methods
Teaching is carried on through lectures and discussion of clinical cases
Teaching Resources
The teaching material is telematically delivered to the students at the end of the course
Anaesthesiology
MED/41 - ANAESTHESIOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Blood diseases
MED/15 - BLOOD DISEASES - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Professor: Bolli Niccolo'
Cardiovascular diseases
MED/11 - CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Professor: Carugo Stefano
Endocrinology
MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Gastroenterology
MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Otorhinolaryngology
MED/31 - OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Professor: Capaccio Pasquale
Psychiatry
MED/25 - PSYCHIATRY - University credits: 1
Lessons: 10 hours
Professor(s)
Reception:
Please request an appointment via e-mail
Reception:
Thursday 12.00 am - 01.00 pm
IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, via Ariosto 9, Milan