Veterinary Bacteriology, Virology and Immunology
A.Y. 2021/2022
Learning objectives
To provide the students with the importance of the involvement of the microbiology (bacteriology and virology) in many fields (breeding, welfare and animal health), propaedeutic to infectious diseases; to describe basic structures and functions of innate and acquired immunity against microorganisms in different conditions (young, adult, old, stressed animal) and with methods to potentiate (vaccinations) and diagnose them (immunodiagnostics).
Expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding: Students will demonstrate to know basic microbiology and characteristics of classical and unconventional microorganisms (virus, bacteria, prions); therefore, students will demonstrate to know how the immune system works and to correlate to each other the information provided by the two modules of the integrated course.
Appling knowledge and understanding: Students will demonstrate to know microorganisms in order to use them (useful microorganisms) or fight them (pathogen microorganisms) depending on the situation; therefore, students will demonstrate to apply what has been learned in the field of the immune system to different practical conditions (newborns, young, adult and old animals, stress, malnutrition, immunopathological conditions) and in immunodiagnostics.
Making judgments: Students will demonstrate to be able to critically evaluate the different options proposed for etiology, diagnosis and prevention of viral and bacterial diseases by means of collegial discussion, laboratory tests and a written report on the carried-out activities.
Communication: Students must be able to describe, with the correct scientific terminology and in written and oral form, the applied aspect of the learned knowledge of microbiology and immunology.
Lifelong learning skills: At the end of the course, students will be able to objectively document themselves using valid texts and official sources in order to broaden their knowledge of veterinary infectious diseases, and their diagnosis and prevention, , and role of the immune system in animals under physiological and pathological conditions.
Appling knowledge and understanding: Students will demonstrate to know microorganisms in order to use them (useful microorganisms) or fight them (pathogen microorganisms) depending on the situation; therefore, students will demonstrate to apply what has been learned in the field of the immune system to different practical conditions (newborns, young, adult and old animals, stress, malnutrition, immunopathological conditions) and in immunodiagnostics.
Making judgments: Students will demonstrate to be able to critically evaluate the different options proposed for etiology, diagnosis and prevention of viral and bacterial diseases by means of collegial discussion, laboratory tests and a written report on the carried-out activities.
Communication: Students must be able to describe, with the correct scientific terminology and in written and oral form, the applied aspect of the learned knowledge of microbiology and immunology.
Lifelong learning skills: At the end of the course, students will be able to objectively document themselves using valid texts and official sources in order to broaden their knowledge of veterinary infectious diseases, and their diagnosis and prevention, , and role of the immune system in animals under physiological and pathological conditions.
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
More specific information on the delivery modes of training activities for a.y. 2021-22 will be provided over the coming months, based on the evolution of the public health situation
Prerequisites for admission
To take the exam there are no compulsory exams.
Assessment methods and Criteria
Written and eventually oral exam
1) Written test (2 hours):
The test is composed by
- 12 multiple choice questions (6 MICROBIOLOGY and 6 di IMMUNOLOGY): each correct answer account for 1 point (maximum score: 12 points) - no points are subtracted in the case of wrong answers
- open questions (4 MICROBIOLOGY and 2 di IMMUNOLOGY): each correct answer account for 3 points: maximum score: 12 points for Microbiology and 6 points for Immunology
The remained 6 points for Immunology can be achieved with a laboratory report and analysis of clinical cases: students must prepare a short report dealing with the sessions of practical sessions run in the laboratory and analyze some clinical and practical cases with links to the topics presented in the classroom. Maximum score: 6 points
Then, the maximum final total score is 30/30
Either the MCQs or the short laboratory report may account for an additional score ("+") that may be used to round the vote in the case of decimals, or to assign the final score of 30/30 cum laude
3) Oral exam:
The oral exam is focused on the correction of the written test and on additional oral questions
The oral exam is mandatory for students totalizing less than 24/30 in the written part of the exam
Students that score at least 24/30 in the written test may ask to perform a third oral part of the exam to further increase their total score (maximum score for the oral exam: 3 points)
1) Written test (2 hours):
The test is composed by
- 12 multiple choice questions (6 MICROBIOLOGY and 6 di IMMUNOLOGY): each correct answer account for 1 point (maximum score: 12 points) - no points are subtracted in the case of wrong answers
- open questions (4 MICROBIOLOGY and 2 di IMMUNOLOGY): each correct answer account for 3 points: maximum score: 12 points for Microbiology and 6 points for Immunology
The remained 6 points for Immunology can be achieved with a laboratory report and analysis of clinical cases: students must prepare a short report dealing with the sessions of practical sessions run in the laboratory and analyze some clinical and practical cases with links to the topics presented in the classroom. Maximum score: 6 points
Then, the maximum final total score is 30/30
Either the MCQs or the short laboratory report may account for an additional score ("+") that may be used to round the vote in the case of decimals, or to assign the final score of 30/30 cum laude
3) Oral exam:
The oral exam is focused on the correction of the written test and on additional oral questions
The oral exam is mandatory for students totalizing less than 24/30 in the written part of the exam
Students that score at least 24/30 in the written test may ask to perform a third oral part of the exam to further increase their total score (maximum score for the oral exam: 3 points)
Veterinary Bacteriology and Virology
Course syllabus
Lectures
General bacterial characteristics, observation, cell morphology, classification
Bacterial in vitro cultivation, bacteroscopic examination and staining
Bacterial reproduction and microorganism genetics
Bacteria as pathogenic agents
Physical and chemical agents for controlling microorganisms - Antibiotics and antimicrobials sensitivity test
General viral characteristics
Virus classification, virus/host ratios and viral diagnostics
Particular microorganisms (rickettsia and chlamydia, mycoplasma, algae, batteriophages)
Prions and spongiform encephalopathies
Practicals
Microbiology laboratory organisation and tools (seminar in the classroom to the whole studentship)
Bacterial laboratory cultivation (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Bacterial observation and staining, bacterial identification techniques (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Antimicrobials sensitivity test (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
General bacterial characteristics, observation, cell morphology, classification
Bacterial in vitro cultivation, bacteroscopic examination and staining
Bacterial reproduction and microorganism genetics
Bacteria as pathogenic agents
Physical and chemical agents for controlling microorganisms - Antibiotics and antimicrobials sensitivity test
General viral characteristics
Virus classification, virus/host ratios and viral diagnostics
Particular microorganisms (rickettsia and chlamydia, mycoplasma, algae, batteriophages)
Prions and spongiform encephalopathies
Practicals
Microbiology laboratory organisation and tools (seminar in the classroom to the whole studentship)
Bacterial laboratory cultivation (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Bacterial observation and staining, bacterial identification techniques (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Antimicrobials sensitivity test (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons (2 ECTS), seminars and laboratory practices (1 ECTS).
Teaching Resources
- Poli G., Dall'Ara P., Martino P.A., Rosati S. (2017): Microbiologia e immunologia veterinaria. 3a ed., EDRA, Milano
- Course slides made available by teacher in Ariel website
- Course slides made available by teacher in Ariel website
Veterinary Immunology
Course syllabus
Lectures
Introduction to the course, presentation of the lecturer, illustration of how the exam is conducted
Antigens and immunogens:, characteristics, features, practical examples
Non-specific immune defenses: cells and molecules, PAMP and DAMP recognition by TLR, practical examples
Specific immune defenses: primary and secondary lymphoid organs, B and T lymphocytes (features, markers, BCR and TCR receptors, functions), memory cells; humoral immunity and antibodies (structure, classes, production, mechanisms of action); cell-mediated immunity and cytotoxicity (MHC, cytokines and cellular interactions, different T lymphocytes at work); local immunity to the surfaces (MALT, immunoexclusion and immunoelimination, immunity of gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, genito-urinary tract, skin, mammary gland, eye)
Immune defenses in veterinary practice: naturally and artificially acquired passive immunity, neonatal immunology, immunology in the elderly, immunity and stress, how pathogens escape immune defences
Hints of immunopathology: type I, II, III and IV hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases
Practicals
Approach to vaccine practice: classification and types of vaccines, vaccine registration, response to vaccination, herd immunity, factors influencing vaccine practice (seminar in the classroom to the whole studentship)
Immunodiagnostics: what is and what is it for, antibody titer, acute and convalescent serum specimens, main immunodiagnostics techniques (precipitation, agglutination, techniques with marked reagents), practical examples (seminar in the classroom to the whole studentship)
Dilutions (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
ELISA technique (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Introduction to the in-clinics test (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Introduction to the course, presentation of the lecturer, illustration of how the exam is conducted
Antigens and immunogens:, characteristics, features, practical examples
Non-specific immune defenses: cells and molecules, PAMP and DAMP recognition by TLR, practical examples
Specific immune defenses: primary and secondary lymphoid organs, B and T lymphocytes (features, markers, BCR and TCR receptors, functions), memory cells; humoral immunity and antibodies (structure, classes, production, mechanisms of action); cell-mediated immunity and cytotoxicity (MHC, cytokines and cellular interactions, different T lymphocytes at work); local immunity to the surfaces (MALT, immunoexclusion and immunoelimination, immunity of gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, genito-urinary tract, skin, mammary gland, eye)
Immune defenses in veterinary practice: naturally and artificially acquired passive immunity, neonatal immunology, immunology in the elderly, immunity and stress, how pathogens escape immune defences
Hints of immunopathology: type I, II, III and IV hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases
Practicals
Approach to vaccine practice: classification and types of vaccines, vaccine registration, response to vaccination, herd immunity, factors influencing vaccine practice (seminar in the classroom to the whole studentship)
Immunodiagnostics: what is and what is it for, antibody titer, acute and convalescent serum specimens, main immunodiagnostics techniques (precipitation, agglutination, techniques with marked reagents), practical examples (seminar in the classroom to the whole studentship)
Dilutions (theory and practice) (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
ELISA technique (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Introduction to the in-clinics test (max 30 students per group in the laboratory)
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons (2 ECTS), seminars and laboratory practices (1 ECTS).
Teaching Resources
- Poli G., Dall'Ara P., Martino P.A., Rosati S. (2017): Microbiologia e immunologia veterinaria. 3a ed., EDRA, Milano
- Course slides made available by the teacher in Ariel website (http://pdallaraiv.ariel.ctu.unimi.it/)
- Course slides made available by the teacher in Ariel website (http://pdallaraiv.ariel.ctu.unimi.it/)
Veterinary Bacteriology and Virology
VET/05 - INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS - University credits: 3
Practicals: 16 hours
Lessons: 16 hours
Lessons: 16 hours
Professor:
Riva Federica
Shifts:
Professor:
Riva Federica
Turno 1 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Riva FedericaTurno 2 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Riva FedericaTurno 3 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Riva FedericaTurno 4 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Riva FedericaTurno unico per tutti gli studenti
Professor:
Riva Federica
Veterinary Immunology
VET/05 - INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS - University credits: 3
Practicals: 16 hours
Lessons: 16 hours
Lessons: 16 hours
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela Maria
Shifts:
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela Maria
Turno 1 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela MariaTurno 2 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela MariaTurno 3 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela MariaTurno 4 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela MariaTurno unico per tutti gli studenti
Professor:
Dall'Ara Paola Emanuela MariaProfessor(s)
Reception:
contact me by mail or phone