Clinical and Medical Therapy
A.Y. 2025/2026
Learning objectives
The course educational target is to develop knowledge about:
· general pathology and pathophysiology in order to analyse causes (etiology) and mechanisms (pathogenesis) responsible for to the establishment of the disease state
· drugs mechanism of action and their effects
· anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as well as the pathological bases of the most frequent neurological diseases
· general pathology and pathophysiology in order to analyse causes (etiology) and mechanisms (pathogenesis) responsible for to the establishment of the disease state
· drugs mechanism of action and their effects
· anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as well as the pathological bases of the most frequent neurological diseases
Expected learning outcomes
At the end of the course the student must know:
· the action of drugs and their effects
· the specific terminology to dialogue with other health professionals
· elements of general pathology and general pathophysiology
· how to analyse causes (etiology) and mechanisms (pathogenesis) that contribute to the establishment of the disease state
· elements of diagnostic-clinical pathology and laboratory methodology in cytology, cytopathology, immunohematology and genetic pathology
· the laboratory diagnostic approach to the main pathological conditions
· the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as well as the pathological bases of the most frequent neurological diseases
· manifestations and symptoms of neurological disorder
· the action of drugs and their effects
· the specific terminology to dialogue with other health professionals
· elements of general pathology and general pathophysiology
· how to analyse causes (etiology) and mechanisms (pathogenesis) that contribute to the establishment of the disease state
· elements of diagnostic-clinical pathology and laboratory methodology in cytology, cytopathology, immunohematology and genetic pathology
· the laboratory diagnostic approach to the main pathological conditions
· the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as well as the pathological bases of the most frequent neurological diseases
· manifestations and symptoms of neurological disorder
Lesson period: year
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Sezione: Bosisio Parini
Responsible
Prerequisites for admission
Basic concepts of chemistry, biochemistry, pathology and human physiology
Assessment methods and Criteria
Oral Exam
Written test with multiple choice questions.
Written test with multiple choice questions.
Farmacologia
Course syllabus
Receptor drug interactions
Effect of drugs, receptor agonists and antagonists - Generalities on receptors
Secretion, desensitization and downregulation of receptors
Pharmacokinetics, absorption and distribution of drugs
Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and elimination of drugs
Drugs acting on the Central Nervous system including anti epileptic drugs, antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs
Nitroderivatives and nitric oxide
NSAIDs and arachidonic acid
Corticosteroids and related receptors
Effect of drugs, receptor agonists and antagonists - Generalities on receptors
Secretion, desensitization and downregulation of receptors
Pharmacokinetics, absorption and distribution of drugs
Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and elimination of drugs
Drugs acting on the Central Nervous system including anti epileptic drugs, antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs
Nitroderivatives and nitric oxide
NSAIDs and arachidonic acid
Corticosteroids and related receptors
Teaching methods
Lectures of a dialectical type, supported by the use of the chalk board for the parts involving signal transduction pathways as well as slides for complex representations.
Teaching Resources
Govoni - Farmacologia, Casa editrice Ambrosiana
AA VV - Farmacologia generale e molecolare a cura di F. Clementi e G Fumagalli, editore Edra SpA
AA VV - Farmacologia generale e molecolare a cura di F. Clementi e G Fumagalli, editore Edra SpA
Neurologia
Course syllabus
Functions of the cerebral lobes and related pathologies: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, cranial nerve diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, delirium and dementia, cranial trauma, CNS infections, CNS neoplasms, diseases of the upper and lower motor neuron, movement disorders, extrapyramidal diseases , Cerebellar and spino-cerebellar disorders, Demyelinating diseases, Spinal cord diseases, Diseases of the peripheral nervous system, Muscle diseases.
Teaching methods
Lectures are supported by plastic material (skull, brain), video material (patients with major neurological pictures), radiological material (CT and brain MRI, three-dimensional reconstructions of malformation aspects), and pathological anatomy images. Use of clinical cases. Students have at their disposal a pantry with photographic material.
Teaching Resources
Handout personally edited and updated with lots of photographic material.
Patologia clinica
Course syllabus
- Biomarkers in Medicine
- Complete Blood Count with Leukocyte Formula
- Haemostasis and Haemostatic Function Assessment Tests
- Transfusion Medicine and Blood Groups
- Autoimmune Diseases and Associated Diagnostic Tests
- Diagnostic Tests for Pregnancy Monitoring
- Pediatric Clinical Pathology
- Complete Blood Count with Leukocyte Formula
- Haemostasis and Haemostatic Function Assessment Tests
- Transfusion Medicine and Blood Groups
- Autoimmune Diseases and Associated Diagnostic Tests
- Diagnostic Tests for Pregnancy Monitoring
- Pediatric Clinical Pathology
Teaching methods
The teaching is disseminated through lectures and the use of power point slides. At the end of the lesson, students have access to the lesson material in digital format. It was not possible to activate the Ariel website in time for the course as it is not yet accredited in V4. The lessons include several moments of interaction with the teacher to avoid leaving unclear topics. The teacher has left all types of work contact details to allow the exchange of information or doubts about the course teaching material.
Teaching Resources
- Medicina di Laboratorio- logica& Patologia Clinica - autori Italo Antonozzi e Elio Gulletta (terza edizione)
- Materiale didattico fornito dal docente (slides delle lezioni)
- Materiale didattico fornito dal docente (slides delle lezioni)
Modules or teaching units
Farmacologia
BIO/14 - PHARMACOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor:
Clementi Emilio Giuseppe Ignazio
Neurologia
MED/26 - NEUROLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor:
Strazzer Sandra
Patologia clinica
MED/05 - CLINICAL PATHOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Sezione: Don Gnocchi
Prerequisites for admission
There are no prerequisites
Assessment methods and Criteria
Oral exam
Written exam
Written exam
Farmacologia
Course syllabus
Frontal Teaching
Teaching methods
Learning the general principles of pharmacology, through theoretical concepts and examples of therapeutic activity, kinetics, and toxic side effects of some important categories of drugs in clinical practice.
In detail:
1. Drug development processes
2. Pharmacovigilance activities
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Basic characteristics of receptors
5. Pharmacokinetics
6. Pharmacogenetics
7. Drugs acting on central nervous system
8. Drugs used to treat dysmetabolic diseases
9. Antibiotics
10. Complementary medicine and clinical implications
In detail:
1. Drug development processes
2. Pharmacovigilance activities
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Basic characteristics of receptors
5. Pharmacokinetics
6. Pharmacogenetics
7. Drugs acting on central nervous system
8. Drugs used to treat dysmetabolic diseases
9. Antibiotics
10. Complementary medicine and clinical implications
Teaching Resources
AA VV Farmacologia generale e molecolare a cura di F. Clementi e G Fumagalli, editore Edra SpA
Neurologia
Course syllabus
Neuroanatomy microscopy
Macroscopic neuroanatomy
Functional neuroanatomy
Vascular anatomy of the central nervous system
Cerebrovascular pathology
Epilepsies
Extrapyramidal diseases
Inflammatory diseases
Macroscopic neuroanatomy
Functional neuroanatomy
Vascular anatomy of the central nervous system
Cerebrovascular pathology
Epilepsies
Extrapyramidal diseases
Inflammatory diseases
Teaching methods
The theoretical lessons are frontal and are accompanied by the analysis of practical cases carried out with the participation of students. To support the lectures the teacher will use the PowerPoint program.
Teaching Resources
The teaching material is the one provided in class.
Patologia clinica
Course syllabus
- Biomarkers in Medicine
- Hemochromocytometric examination with leukocyte formula
- Hemostasis and haemostatic function assessment test
- Transfusion medicine and blood groups
- Autoimmune diseases and associated diagnostic tests
- Diagnostic tests for pregnancy monitoring
- Pediatric Clinical Pathology
- Hemochromocytometric examination with leukocyte formula
- Hemostasis and haemostatic function assessment test
- Transfusion medicine and blood groups
- Autoimmune diseases and associated diagnostic tests
- Diagnostic tests for pregnancy monitoring
- Pediatric Clinical Pathology
Teaching methods
The course is disseminated through lectures and use of power point slides. At the end of the lesson, students have the lesson material in digital format. It was not possible to activate the Ariel website in time as it was not yet accredited in V4 of the teacher. The lessons include different moments of interaction with the teacher so as not to leave unclear topics. The lecturer has left every type of work contact to allow the exchange of information or doubts about the teaching material of the course.
Teaching Resources
- Medicina di Laboratorio- logica& Patologia Clinica - autori Italo Antonozzi e Elio Gulletta (terza edizione)
- Slides
- Slides
Modules or teaching units
Farmacologia
BIO/14 - PHARMACOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor:
Carnovale Carla
Neurologia
MED/26 - NEUROLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor:
Vianello Elena
Patologia clinica
MED/05 - CLINICAL PATHOLOGY - University credits: 2
Lessons: 20 hours
Professor(s)
Reception:
on appointment to be organised via e-mail
"Palazzina LITA-Vialba"
Reception:
after fixing an appointment by e-mail.
31 Luigi Mangiagalli street, Milan, Italy, 20133