Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiation Therapy

1. To be familiar with the following topics: methods of measuring diagnostic performance; principles of radiation protection for patients and operators; physical and technical bases of radiological and nuclear imaging; indications and contraindications to imaging tests also considering cost-effectiveness; interventional radiology; interpretation of reports and communication to the patient; principles of radiobiology; radiotherapy techniques; notes on systematic radiotherapy.
2. To knowing how the prevalence of disease and, therefore, the selection of the requesting doctors, influences the reliability of radiological and nuclear reports.
3. To Know the principles of risk/benefit ratio in the use of ionizing radiation for diagnostic purposes.
4. To know the principles of image formation and be able to explain them to the patient (radiographic and radioscopic techniques, computed tomography, ultrasound, angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, planar and tomographic scintigraphy, positron emission tomography).
5. To know the general indications and contraindications to diagnostic imaging tests in order to define the sequential and synergistic use of imaging techniques.
6. To know the basic regulations on radiation protection of patients and operators in the diagnostic and therapeutic use of ionizing radiation, including the units of measurement used in this context.
7. To know the principles and indications that regulate the therapeutic use of ionizing radiation, with particular reference to the most frequent forms of cancer (breast, head and neck, uterus, bladder, lung).
8. To know the general principles and indications of metabolic radiotherapy.

1. To be able to understand the meaning of diagnostic performance measures.
2. To be able to apply the principles of radiation protection to patients, health professionals, family members and caregivers.
3. To be able to communicate to patients and family members and caregivers the technical principles of diagnostic investigations, the diagnostic content of the reports and the recommended therapies.
4. To be able to communicate to patients and family members and caregivers the technical principles of interventional radiology and radiotherapy procedures, including metabolic radiotherapy.
5. To be able to explain indications and contraindications to diagnostic imaging tests, major interventional radiology procedures and radiotherapy, including metabolic radiotherapy.
5. To be able, by evaluating one or more images of an investigation, to recognize with which technique they have been obtained and to which body region they refer, recognizing the anatomical elements, describing possible pathological findings and providing diagnostic hypotheses.