Interdisciplinary Vocational Course 1

Pre-analytics and analytics
Precision medicine
New organizational aspects of laboratory medicine departments
Predictive laboratory medicine: the new areas of diagnostics
The world of omics

- The aging process
- Frailty and clinical complexity in older persons
- The comprehensive geriatric assessment
- Integrated care models
- Age-related changes of body composition
- Sarcopenia
- Preventive and therapeutic interventions against frailty and sarcopenia

- Biological activity and action mechanisms of hormones, with particular attention to their effects on the musculoskeletal system
- Effects of physical activity on hormone secretion
- Endocrine and metabolic disorders of the thyroid, parathyroids, pituitary and adrenal glands
- Diabetes mellitus
- Osteoporosis

- Analysis of hospital stay typologies: Stroke Unit, rehabilitation (post-acute vs extensive);
- Requirements for admission to each stay typology
- Typology of clinical and rehabilitation treatments provided to the patient.
- Analysis of care typologies in Subacute Treatment units, outpatient settings (ambulatory vs Macro Ambulatory Complex Activities) and local services (home care vs CreG) provided by the Lombardy region

- Principles on radiation, atom and radioactive sources, on the use of radiation and other forms of energy (radio waves, magnetic fields) in Medicine
- Introduction to imaging techniques: nuclear medicine, radiology, fluoroscopy, ultrasound, MRI and major diagnostic examinations using nuclear medicine and radiology techniques
- Diagnostic equipment and radiation detection modes (planar and tomographic imaging, dynamic and static)
- Radiopharmaceuticals and contrast media
- Principles and purposes of radiotherapy treatments
- Target definition in radiotherapy, conformational 3D radiotherapy, modulated intensity radiotherapy, brachytherapy, intra-operative radiotherapy and adhestation
- Positioning of the patient undergoing radiotherapy
- Molecular mechanisms of radiotherapy damage and dose fractionation
- Radiotherapy in association with other antineoplastic therapies
- Role of radiotherapy in the treatment of major tumours
- Applications of MRI imaging, CT, and nuclear medicine techniques in neurological diseases and neuro-oncology
- Legislation on radioprotection and professional figures in the system of responsibility

- Overview of Neuroradiology
- Organizational needs in the context of diagnostic activities
- Organizational needs in Interventional Neuroradiology
- A practical example: the PDTA of ischemic stroke

History of the health professions training in Italy
History and evolution of health professions training, with particular reference to professions included in the Rehabilitation Class: biennial courses, Special Purpose Schools, Regional Schools, University Diplomas, Graduation, Master degrees.
- Title equivalence
- Tutorials
The organization of the University in Italy
- Mission
- Academic and university roles and responsibilities
Quality Assessment in the Italian University system
- Purpose, responsibilities, functions, tools and methods
The professional profile
- Overview of the professional profile
- Activities and competences characterizing each professional profile within the Rehabilitation Class and related responsibilities

IPOVISION IN THE ADULT AND IN THE CHILD - Definition and classification, Epidemiological data
REHABILITATION AND ENABLEMENT IN IPOVISION
- THE REHABILITATION OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN ADULTS: Legislation; low vision centers; functional assessment;
visual rehabilitation in adults; Postural, visual, electronic and tiflological aids
- ENBLEMENT AND REHABILITATION IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE
- Primary causes; functional evaluation and the role of the orthoptist; visual and neuropsychovisual re-enablement;
rehabilitation in preschool and school age; support tools
- RECOGNITION OF CIVIL INVALIDITY IN VISUAL IMPAIRMENT, AIDS AND REGULATIONS
Law 104/92; Law 284 /97; Ministerial Decree 27 August 1999, N.332; Law 138-2001
- AIDS, PROSTHESES AND ORTHESES
- Prescription, authorization, supply and testing; tariff nomenclator (aid traceability); rehabilitation program
(or therapeutic plan)
- Example of aid prescription: Aid Mod.03 and Therapeutic Plan (simulations)
- Diagnostic protocol and rehabilitation in Low vision
- Example of Electronic Record

MOTOR ACTIVITY AND WELL-BEING: A NEW FRONTIER
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, EXERCISE, TRAINING: TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS
- Aerobic activity; Resistance; Flexibility and balance; Difference between physical activity and exercise; Physical training
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
- Physiology/physiopathology of cardiopulmonary, metabolic and motor control during exercise; physiological
mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of physical training; Cardiovascular and metabolic risk
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS THERAPY
- The benefits and risks of physical activity in chronic pathologies, with particular reference to cardiovascular disease
(coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, heart failure), metabolic pathologies (diabetes, metabolic syndrome),
cancer, ostheomuscular pathologies
- Aging
- Childhood and adolescence
PRESCRIPTION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
- Role of different professionals in prescribing physical activity; typology (aerobic vs resistance exercise), intensity,
frequency, duration, progression
- Psycho-pedagogic aspects: importance of psychological and educational aspects in rehabilitation; the approach to the
patient with disabilities and/or chronic disease; the approach to the family of the patient with disabilities and/or
chronic illness
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
- Focus on the rehabilitation professional: difficulty in the relationship with the patient; Stress and burn out; Individual
resources and limits; Teamwork between professionals with different specializations
- Focus on the patient: meaning of trauma and/or chronic pathology; psychological evaluation of the patient; adaptation and coping; factors determining positive and negative coping; behavior between emotional reaction and thoughtful response; denial or amplification of disability-disease status; psychological factors that potentially hamper the rehabilitation process; importance of family and social support; motivation for functional recovery and management of chronic pathology; psychotherapy and drug therapy; quality of life; physical activity and rehabilitation as tools to improve mood tone, anxiety and psychological issues in general
EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS
- Change: psychological steps and behavior; lifestyle change in the healthy person (primary prevention); lifestyle change
in the person with chronic pathology (secondary prevention); communication with patient and family; methodologies
for teaching behavior changes; how to motivate the patient; how to set therapeutic goals with the patient; strategies
to improve exercise adherence; strategies to encourage lifestyle changes; assessment of successes or failures;
rehabilitation based improvement as a motivational tool
- Physical activity and other lifestyle changes (eating, quitting smoking, managing stress