Corso integrato di ortottica oftalmologia pediatrica e strabismo

Approach to the pediatric patient
Refractive defects
Amblyopia
Anatomic-physiological basis and laws of extrinsic ocular motility. Introduction to strabismus
Sensory adaptations in strabismus
Evaluation of the cross-eyed patient
Esotropia: Essential Childhood Esotropia and Accommodative esotropia
Exotropia
Vertical squint, DVD and DOD
Alphabetic attitudes and hints of surgery
Nystagmus
Particular forms of strabismus: Duane Brown, Moebius DVD, DHC
Congenital nose-lacrimal duct obstruction
Eyelid abnormalities
Pediatric cataract
Pediatric glaucoma
ROP
Retinoblastoma

Fields of application of Pediatrics
Weight gain and caloric needs
Growth percentages
Tanner stage
Vital signs in the child (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure)
Hydration in the baby
Notes on pharmacology (dose calculated on body surface, off-label drugs)
Demographic indicators (birth rate, mortality) and their interpretation
Transplacental passage (drugs, viruses, teratogens)
Medicines and breastfeeding
Transition of the chronic pediatric patient
Infant (definitions, physical examination, Apgar index)
Neonatal jaundice
Preterm retinopathy
Feeding time
Vaccinations
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and ANA-associated uveitis
Systemic connectivitis (SLE and Dermatomyositis)
Vasculitis
Rheumatic disease
Celiac disease
Recurring abdominal pains
Respiratory infections
Psychomotor development

- general characteristics of complex syndromes with intellectual disabilities
- the main complex syndromes with onset disability in developmental age
- the neurological problems of the asphyxiated and premature infant

- Definition and history of nursing sciences
- Health care and centrality of the patient
- Approach to the pediatric patient

Visual acuity examination and BCVA
Visus Snellen and LOG MAR notations
OBJECTIVE and SUBJECTIVE REFRACTION
Visual acuity assessment techniques in preverbal age
Amblyopia
The Brükner test
Orthoptic examination in children
Vision development in the child: milestones
Anamnesis
PAC inspection, facies, ocular adnexa
MOE extrinsic ocular motility and MOI intrinsic ocular motility
Convergence and accommodation
Krimsky test
Hering test
Alphabetic attitudes in A and V
Measurement of the ocular deviation angle with different methods for far and near
Retraction syndrome DUANE syndrome
BROWN syndrome
Moebius syndrome.
The Incomitant Strabismus - Diagnostic Protocol
head tilted test
Parks 3 steps test
non-surgical treatment of strabismus
The Nystagmus

Health psychology in pediatric patients.
The parents' role.
Communication with the pediatric patient and the parents: relational aspects.